During this module, you will be expected to read chapter 2 of your text The American Pageant and participate in a discussion with your classmates via the blog about the questions below. You should make ONE post that should be a minimum of a paragraph for each prompt with a well thought out response using information from the chapter to solidify your argument. Mr. Pondy and Mr. Walker will expect that your arguments and discussions are based in facts not just simply opinions and beliefs. Learning how to do this effectively will lead to success and less distress on your part as we progress through this course. It is also very important to keep in mind that good organization on your part will make answering questions much easier. How do you do this? By reading the chapters thoroughly and carefully, do not skip sections, captions, quotes, maps, charts, and graphs. Spend time looking at what these documents are trying to tell you and how they relate to the main chapter. I strongly suggest that you read the chapter and complete your required outline prior to attempting to answer the questions below in order to form logical points in your answers. I would also suggest that you read the discussion prompt and keep it in mind as you read the chapter and create your outlines (if you have not already done so).
Discussion Prompt 1: What were the diverse purposes of England's American colonies and how were those purposes altered in the early years of settlement?
Discussion Prompt 2: Two critical factors that shaped England's colonies in the New World were the development of one-crop economies (such as tobacco) and an increased dependency on slave labor. Explain how these two factors impacted the long-term sustainability of the Southern colonies.
prompt 1: At first the english colonies were created for three main reasons: unemployment, religious freedom, and adventure and wealth. During the 14th and 16th centuries England had a surplus population and many people were left without jobs because farmers were pushed away from land. Also the Protestant Reformation (1530-1558) caused many Catholics to seek refuge in the indies like Lord Baltimore and laws of primogeniture caused the youngest of males in families to not be eligilbe for land. Eventually these colonies wanted more land and money and became greedy, pushing the natives westward and becoming more and more aggressive. Some colonies adopted plantations and soon slave labor to foster these land owners. Soon the colonies wanted to be free and seperate from the English laws which later on spurred independence. New colonies emerged because colonies that were established by the english crown like Mass. Bay Colony had no religious toleration so places like Rhode Island and Pennsylvania formed which is ironic since the colonists left England because of that reason.
ReplyDeleteprompt 2: Southern colonies like Virginia and the Carolinas depended on export crops because they were the easiest to grow at the respective regions (tobacco and rice). but since tobacco ruins the soil and makes the land unfertile, the southern colonies either had to find new tactics, land, or other crops to grow. in other words they went westward and destroy native tribes and forests as well as devised farming plans to get the best use out of the soil. Slave labor impacted the sustainability of Southern colonies because slaves will eventually revolt because of harsh treatment and unfair judgement. Also other colonies that hated slave labor will emerge and create refuges like Pennsylvania. The slave labor force first emerged from indentured servitude because people who couldn't pay to get to the New World will work for a few years to sail there. At this point slave labor will evolve into Native American labor force like the Savannah indians and also to African Americans in 1619 because they were better suited for the job. Soon after the Slave trade will become one of the biggest industries in the New World because they are part of an economic system between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.
Hello Stephen! I thought it was great that you explained the effects of the tobacco growing on the land and that it made the land unfertile causing the colonists to search for new land to grow their crops. Do you know if rice had any effects on the land or the people like tobacco did?
DeleteAll crops would have affected the land negatively but rice was more lenient than tobacco.
DeleteHi Stephen! I like how you mentioned that some of the settlers who left England because of religious intolerance were really intolerant themselves. It's seems a bit hypocritical of them, doesn't it?
DeleteHey Stephen! I like how your responses stay on point and how you mentioned the usage of Savannah Indians as a labor force!
Deleteprompt 2 (unfinished): So since there was an abundance of slaves in Africa, there was an endless supply for the labor force, all you needed was money to buy them.
ReplyDeletePrompt 1: The bleak coast of Newfoundland was the scene of the first English attempt at colonization. That came to an end when the leader, Sir Humphrey Gilbert, lost his life at sea in 1583. His half brother Sir Walter Raleigh tried to colonize North America again but in warmer climes. They landed in 1585 on North Carolina's remote island, off the coast of Virginia. The English named it in honor of Queen Elizabeth, the "Virgin Queen." That colony eventually grew apart and then vanished. After that, England had many fights with Spain such as when Philip II of Spain launched his fleet of ships called the "Invincible Armada" to attack England in 1588. Many years passed and they signed a treaty of peace in 1604. This all caused England to colonize North America in search of spreading religion and creating a new way to build up their empire to gain power. England was still competing against Spain even though they had a treaty because they were the two main powers at that time. England also had a large "surplus population." Colonizing in North America would also allow for new jobs for more people that are in search of starting over or leaving England. In 1606 people of England set sail and landed near Chesapeake Bay where they were attacked by indians. They fought through and colonized a portion of land along the James River. The land was mosquito infested and devastatingly unhealthful so about 100 settlers left on May 24, 1607. Those settlers pushed up river, colonized a large portion of land and called the place Jamestown. Mostly at first, England wanted to get back what they lost from Spain but then England changed their methods after a treaty that they created. They wanted more land for there population, to spread religion and to build up their empire that they started to loose by gaining more power especially in North America.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: Because of the one-crop economies (such as tobacco), it allowed for John Rolfe, the husband of Pocahontas and the father of the tobacco industry to be an economic savior of the Virginia colony. The tobacco rush spread everywhere, people were planting and growing the "yellow plant" anywhere that they could, even between graves. Because of the huge European demand, the southern colonies of North America were able to grow, expand and create better economies and lives for the families that lived there. The southern colonies used slaves to work the fields and tobacco farms. They would purchase the slaves from Africa or South America that got taken from there homes and families. Soon after the largest industry was created in North America, the slave trade which lasted for a long time. The European colonizers of the southern colonies used them to work the farms and tobacco farms in order to keep their businesses running. They only had to pay to keep the slaves alive or allow them to grow there own fresh foods. Because of the slave trade the southern colonies were able to expand their farms and take in all of the money that the buisness would make. Also it made many people for hundreds of years not like african americans. Because of this it caused many klans that were anti african american in the future.
Prompt 1:
ReplyDeleteThere were many purposes that the colonies fulfilled. However the most important one of all is the requirement of the colonies to make money in some way or another, which in itself is very diverse, and the other function of the colonies was as an escape from England, whether it be from poverty or religious persecution. The main function of the colonies through economics can be seen manifesting in several ways: agriculture, slaves, industry, and other miscellaneous exports. Agriculture, one of the most important forms, was the main export of the colonies and provided farmers and or landowners with huge amounts of profits by growing and exporting large amounts of tobacco, which not only help large landowners as well as small farmers and is mostly responsible for the earlier colonies being able to start off with a sound economy and for England and or their parent company from not going out of business, exporting foodstuffs to the West Indies to sustain the sugar mills and to England such as new foods, wheat, olive oil, wine, and other foodstuffs. Another main function of the colonies was to export slaves, mainly to the West Indies, which was a very profitable or for the use of slaves to grow foodstuffs in the colonies, which was also profitable. Another function of the colonies was industry which can be seen in the northern colonies (Pennsylvania and Massachusetts) by exporting manufactured products like ships, carpentry products, shoes, and other products. Some other economic use of the colonies was with the export of products such as timber and furs which was able to help the earliest northern settlers survive for at the very beginning as well as fishing. It is also very important to note that the main driver of the economic success of the colonies was due to there being easy land that many could easily obtain or get a job on which appealed to many of England's poverty stricken population flocking over to the New World which lead to a higher work force which allowed for an huge increase in the economy. Another important function of the colonies was to be an escape from the tyranny of the crown of from the poor economy (as previously discussed). The colonies was an escape from the Church of England for Puritans who were not happy with the Catholic practices in the church of England to both secure their faith from the crown, to avoid any possible future disasters that might happen in England due to Charles l dismissing Parliament in 1629, and to practice their faith freely as well as setting up a more holy church and society then in England. Religious freedom also applied to Quakers as well as Catholics as can be seen in Maryland, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey.
Prompt 2
ReplyDeleteThe southern colonies' one-crop economies and dependence on slave labor drastically affected the southern colonies in the future. For starters, due to the fact that many of the economies in the southern colonies were one-crop economies this caused them having a very fragile and easily influenced economy which would reflect the price of the predominant crop whether the crop was tobacco or rice. The southern colonies also grew dependent on slaves who were first colonist from England working to pay off their voyage to the colonies, than Indian slaves who were tricky to keep because they both knew the land and would receive help from tribes to escape making Indian slaves hard to keep. Later the wealthy began to buy African slaves which were able to both keep and produced productivity for the landowner which created wealth for the landowner to expand his farm and absorbing up huge plots of land which lead to the the southern colonies being mostly owned by very rich men, this being the plantation system. Both of these factors led to the south behaving very similarly to that of aristocratic England, it being owned and run by a small number of the king favorites also didn't help, with the wealthy landowners in charge and the system of the first born inheriting the plantation, the second going to military academy, which would later lead to the south having the better generals in the Civil wars, and the rest of the sons to become business men or men of the church.
Hello Sean! I enjoyed how you included the fact that one-crop economies made them very fragile and how dependent the colonies were on these crops. Not only was the new world economy dependent for their own needs, the high demand in Europe made it a priority that these crops be made and shipped in order to please the consumers.
DeletePrompt 1: The American colonies had very diverse purposes when they were established. These purposes were ranged from the search for gold to the safe haven for Catholics fleeing the Protestant hold on England. The colony of Jamestown’s purpose was to find gold for England, by the end of the first few years it had become the first permanent American colony. Virginia began as plantations to grow tobacco and send it back to England. Its purpose did not change within the first few years of the colony. Maryland began a safe haven for Catholics that were fleeing England. Within the first several years of the Maryland colony it had also added tobacco plantations to its purpose. South Carolina colony was established to grow food for the sugar plantations of Barbados. Within the first several years the colony changed to become exporters of rice and non-English goods such as wine, silk and olive oil. The North Carolina colony began as the place where the outcasts from Virginia moved to, there was also no slavery in the beginning. The colonies purpose changed to be focused on slavery after the Tuscaroras were defeated. Georgia was started as the Buffer colony, to protect the Carolinas from the Spanish in Florida and the French from Louisiana. In the beginning this colony did not have slavery. After the first several years the colony entered in to the use of slaves and became more religious. These colonies altered their functions to suit the economic needs of the New World as well as the economic needs of England.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: The southern colonies had single crop economies that had a heavy dependency on slave labor of its success. These factors had a large effect on the long sustainability of the colonies because of economic effect of the crops. These crops such as cotton and tobacco were crops that made a lot of money for its plantation owners and England while no money was needed to plant or harvest the crops. The slave labors were perfect for the crops; the plantation owners had an initial investment into the slaves but did not any additional costs related to the labors. This made the harvested crops all most all profit. The high rates of profits from these single crops perpetuated the use of slavery. The entire economy was based on having low overhead and high profits for the plantation owners and England. The southern colonies sustainability was entirely based on the wealth that these crops brought in. If the colonies had not used slavery which was free after the initial investment the entire economy would have collapsed.
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DeleteHi Courtney! I like that you wrote about every colony on your first prompt, it makes it stand out. You said that the colonies became more religious after the use of slaves. What do you mean by that. I don't completely understand how they became MORE religious. The queen in England was extremely strict, enough so to make people want to flee. How come you think that after they began using slaves they were more religious than before? Haha, sorry if i'm asking an obvious question. I feel like i might of missed something.
DeleteI agree with Kimberly on your prompt standing out. And I think she means that the slaves became more religious by being exposed to their culture.
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ReplyDeletePrompt 1- The purposes for the colonies changed quickly from being settled by charter companies trying, religious safe havens, and land to be conquered by aristocrats to large sustainable colonies under Royal protection. Although the English attempted to make a settlement in the Americas in 1583 the first real colony was in Virginia in the Roanoke colony which disappeared. Virginia was once again the center of English colonization in the beginning of the seventeenth century. The Virginia company was expected to make a quick profit of gold and then liquidate its assets. When tobacco became widespread in Virginia it became England's priority to settle it and make many plantations. Maryland was founded by a Catholic English Aristocrat seeking safe heaven and land in the new world. It stayed as a permanent haven for Catholics and had the most Catholics in any English colony. The Carolinas started as a place for aristocrats in England who had no inheritance could move and own their own estates. The grew tobacco and built large plantations sustained by slaves. Georgia was built as a buffer zone and is comparable to any of histories buffer zones like that of the USSR. It was to take the brunt of an invasion that had the potential to hurt more profitable land that being the Carolinas. It was surrounded by land colonized by two of England's enemies French Louisiana and Spanish Florida. In the long run the role of the colonies ended up being the same as all colonies to be exploited for the home nation.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2-The one crop economies along with slave labor gave the southern colonies long term sustainability. Tobacco's nicotine which caused addiction made it in permanent demand. It was extremely profitable to plant because it required little processing and time to grow unlike its Caribbean counterpart sugar. If the plantation owner had a surplus in capitol he would buy slave which provided a constant for of labor and little upkeep. Slave owners were given complete control over the lives of workers and laws that allowed forced work. The unlimited supplied of cheap labor and demand for the addictive tobacco made the Southern colonies profitable and sustainable.
While I wholly agree with you on prompt two that the southern colonies were rendered hugely profitable by cheap labor and the demand for the addictive tobacco, I disagree with you on the sustainability. Yes the Southern colonies were able to sustain themselves, but not indefinitely through the methods they were using at this time. A pretty good check as to whether something is sustainable or not, is to see if that system is still around today. The fact of the matter is that while the Southern plantation colonies's methods of upkeep were sustainable through the cruelties and horrors of slavery, slavery was only sustainable by the need for cheap labor. As we know, that did not last. With the advent of mechanized labor forces in the North, slavery was no longer sustainable, nor was the industry it supported. The farming aspect of it was though, as that tradition carries on today.
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ReplyDeleteOriginally the reason for explorations consisted of seeking gold, finding glory, and spreading religion to the Native Americans. After the Protestant Reformation around the 1530s it forced many English Catholics to the New World, such as Lord Baltimore who founded a plantation colony in Maryland. Another reason to that Europeans traveled to the Americas was to produce and trade tobacco, sugar, and rice. Tobacco was known as the poor mans crop, as it could be grown in a year and required little processing. Many people known as indentured servants bound themselves to working on these tobacco plantations to work for a number of years in order to pay their passage to the New World. With unemployment, growing population, and laws such as the laws of primogeniture allowed for a considerable number of adventurers.
Prompt 2:
With Native Americans introducing the crop of tobacco in the discovery of the New World, led to a high demand for this new crop in Europe. Mainly all the thirteen colonies got into this “bewitching weed” which helped save many economies. An example of this is in Virginia how John Rolfe had nearly perfected the methods of raising and curing the weed. Soon enough the demand became so high that expansion was necessary in order to meet the demand of the Europeans. This led to the removal of Native Americans from their ancestral land and pushing them into the western lands. This led the Native Americans fending for themselves and changing there cultural completely many going from forest to open plains such as the Lakota’s, who flourished in adopting the new ways living. To keep up with the demand for tobacco required more labor that was available in order to sustain it many indentured servants paid for there passage to the New World by working on these tobacco plantations for a number of years until the debt was paid. Another source of labor that was growing popularity was slave labor, at first the settlers did not have the money to pay for these workers, but as soon so the demand increased for tobacco and many of these planation owners were becoming wealthy they had the extra cash to pay for these life committed workers. Soon the transpiration of thousands of Africans would come to the new world to work on plantations. This mistreatment of people would last for hundreds of more years. The reason for using Africans and not Native Americans, were Africans were immune to European dieses, as they had been trading with Africa for hundreds of years before. This contact allowed for them to adapt to the dieses, well Native Americans died very quickly from being in contact with the Europeans not being adapted to dieses such as smallpox, measles, and influenza.
You mentioned the forcing of Native Americans out of their ancestral homes. What do you think about this? Do you think this could have been avoided?
DeleteHello Katelyn! I really liked how you added the laws of primogenture as something significant in the real world because that was how land was traded down and it was important for growing necessary crops like tobacco and sugar. In your second prompt I also liked how you stated that the native americans had to change their ways of life thus, changing their culture. This was a very dramatic change for them because they had to change there ways of life to fit the new world lifestyle.
DeleteKatelyn! I liked that you mentioned how many immigrants became indentured servants because of how little money they had, barely enough to make it to America, and then they had to do that kind of work for money. In your second prompt I also like how you talked about tabacco being known as the "bewitching weed" by the Indians and how it changed their way of life being pushed farther and farther west.
DeleteHey Katelyn! I liked how you included Native American's mortality rate as a reason for slavery! Do you think if the Indians had an immunity to European diseases that there would've been a need for slavery?
DeletePrompt 1: At first the English explored the Americas trying to find gold and a route through the continent to India. Afterward, settlers traveled to England's American colonies for many other reasons. First of all, the laws of primogeniture, which decreed that only the first born son would inherit his father's land. This law left landholders' younger sons to seek fortune and land elsewhere. Gilbert, Raleigh, and Drake were all explorers who traveled to the colonies to seek wealth in the New World. Another reason people came to the colonies was unemployment. In the 1500s an economic depression hit the Woolen trade. The unemployed were motivated to find work in the colony. The Woolen districts in Eastern and Western England were mostly Puritan, which brings us to the main reason: religious persecution. Protestant England persecuted other religions, even other Christian religions and especially the Catholic. Religious tension between Protestants and Catholics in Maryland led to the passing of the Act of Toleration in 1649. The plantation colonies had an aristocratic atmosphere. Especially those in Virginia and Southern Carolina. The poor outcasts from Virginia moved into Northern Carolina. They eventually created their own colony and separated the Carolinian colonies in 1712 and became known as North Carolina.. Another addition to the colonies was Georgia. It was created as a buffer between the Spanish in Florida and the French in Louisiana.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: One-crop economies built the foundations of struggling colonies. A good example of how the crops impacted long-term sustainability is the cultivation of tobacco in the Virginia colony. Virginia prospered almost entirely due to the Tobacco crops. John Rolfe became the father of the industry and the economic savior of the colony. The “bewitching weed” created an export and an income for Virginian colonists. The plant also took nutrients out of the soil, therefore farmers were always expanding westward for more mineral rich land. Slave labor is also a very important factor. In it's early years Virginia, and also Maryland, used white indentured servants, poor people who worked for years to pay passage. But in the late seventeenth century Africans were shipped over in large numbers to work on the plantations. By the end of the century, black slaves made up fourteen percent of Virginia's population. This increased dependency on slave labor created a constant circle of trade between continents. Tobacco went out and slaves came in, sustaining and profiting the economy.
Hi Breydan! I liked how in the first prompt, you described each reason that the English had for traveling to the colonies with the background of that reason. For example, you said that many happenings led up to unemployment such as an economic depression, and then unemployment led to moving to the colonies. Great job!
DeleteHey Breydan! I completely agree with your second post, and I especially liked how you mentioned that there were also white slaves! Do you think that tobacco plants had more positive or negative effects?
DeleteThanks, Julie! To answer your question, I think they had negative effects overall. Although they brought income to the suffering colonies, they led to increased slavery and addiction.
DeletePrompt 1: The original purpose of the England colonies was the desire to get rich quick with rumors of gold, a desire to find a passage to the Indies and the desire of King James I to have territory in the New World. As the Jamestown expanded however, the colonies served a new purpose to the English travelers. As religious persecution in England grew, so did people’s desire to leave their home. The colonies initially provided a haven to all religions and were very appealing to Catholics and other non-Protestants but certain colonies still had conflicts within themselves because of religious differences. Despite this, the colonies provided something for everyone in the early years of their development. As the colonists expelled the natives of the east coast, new opportunities arose. Agriculture expanded and the colonies now, with the help of Rolfe’s tobacco, provided a way for colonists to make a significant financial gain. The introduction of slaves only increased the money that could be made. The colonies purpose now served as a way to fill England’s coffers and allow citizens who were unsuccessful in England to become wealthy with a boat ride and little hard work. And thus, the beginning of the "American Dream" was born!
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: One-crop economies and slavery were the two decisive factors that shaped the English colonies in the New World. These factors both allowed the Southern colonies of the new world to grow and prosper but also caused great dependence and eventual hardship for the South. The economies of the colonies were very successful. Tobacco, rice and sugar cane were among the greatest and most successful crops. They were exported in massive amounts and the farmers came into possession of significant amounts of money. They provide a sustainable source of income but they ruined soil and thus made the southern look to new land. This new land was generally Native American but that didn’t stop the colonists from taking it. With more land the farmers could make more money but these financial gains could not be achieved however without a work force. This work force consisted of the newly enslaved African population, which provided a stable work force for a considerable amount of time, but the South became dependent on this cheap source of labor. This reliance resulted in an unsustainable economy and way of life. Because slavery was eventually made illegal, the long-term impact of slavery was very harmful to the Southern Colonies. Eventually indentured servants, sharecroppers and technology would fill the need for a work force, so the use of slavery wasn’t exactly detrimental to southern economy.
Its really important that you said that the colonists left because of religious persecution but did you also know when they arrived there, they were also persecuted religiously and so it all kind of back fired in a way.
DeletePrompt 1: The English saw colonization in America as a solution to some of the stuggles that were occuring in England. For starters, the unemployment rate was skyrocketing and had a major situation concerning surplus population. Colonizing in America gave this overflow of people a place to live and make a living for themselves through agriculture, which leads into another purpose for colonization. The immigrants were able to start a new life in America even if it meant having to go into indentured servitude or becoming a "squatter". They were able to grow different crops that could be easily traded such as tabacco (the poor man's crop that took a mere year to grow and did not require too much effort to grow), sugar (the rich man's crop that took a lot of processing and work), and rice. The final reason for English colonization was the biggest reason for immgration and that was religion. Once King Henry VIII decided to break away from the Catholic Church and launch the Protestant Reformation, a major controversy on religion took place. During this time, many new branches of Christianity were formed: Calvanism, Puritanism, and Separitanism are just a couple. Every sect saw themselves as the best and did not want much to do with the others. Many saw America as a chance to worship freely and to not have to worry about persecution. These factors became the basis for the settlers' craving for independence.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: The evelopment of one-crop economies and the increased dependency on slave labor were two extremely important factors that shaped England's colonies in the New World. The one- crop economies in America were both positive and negative. For one thing, many settlers saw this a great way to start over and were able to grow things like toabacco without a problem. They were able to trade these crops with others across the seas. However, by only growing one crop, usually a cash crop, they were not able to feed themsleves unless trade was good. Now when it came time to have to harvest or take care of the crops, farmers needed some sort of labor force and this is where slavery comes in. The more the farmer was planting the more of a need they had for some help so they bought slaves that were from the Carribean, Africa, or were Native Americans. Before long, slave codes were starting to be passed that determined slaves to be property instead of human beings. These slave codes like, the Barbados Slave Code, passed in 1661, declared severe punnishment for slaves who did not obey their masters or misbehaved. The way that slaves were viewed carried on for a couple centuries which later would lead to our Civil War.
Hi Maddie! I like your take on the fact that England colonized because they saw it as a "solution" to their problems, I never thought of it in that way. Also, I think it was good that you included all the new branches of Christianity during this time because people don't remember that as being important during this time because of all the colonization going on. Good Job!
DeleteHey Maddie! I also never thought of it as a "solution" to the English problems, great analyzation! I like that you talked about the long-lasting effects of salvery on the slaves, masters, and the country. You also mentioned the ending of salvery which was something I forgot to talk about, good job!
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ReplyDeleteEngland had many reasons for wanting their own colonies in America such as wanting to expand their territory into the New World and Protestantism since they believed in their religion so strongly. The English also wanted a piece of the riches and splendor the Spanish had previously discovered in the New World for themselves. In addition, the rapidly growing population of English which had grown from 3 million to 4 million in just 50 years, meant that the English had to expand. Soon after settling in the New World, the English felt they had to become the dominant force by destroying the native tribes and fighting the Spanish for the land that they had claimed years before.
Prompt 2:
One-crop economies and slave labor are two critical factors in what helped shape and develop the English colonies in the Americas. These one-crop economies such as tobacco, sapped important nutrients from the soil, which forced the Europeans to expand further south in search for fertile land for their crops. This event most likely led to the English "uncovering" the other colonies. Also, with the farm land growing, so did the need for assistance in the field. Slave labor was used because the slaves were more efficient and better suited to harvest the crops, since the crops were familiar to them already. The development of the one-crop economies and slave labor helped the long term sustainability of the Southern colonies by making it more efficient and cost effective to grow and cultivate foods in the New World.
The colonists do go southern for crop expansion but mostly they went Westward. i liked how you included numbers and time periods in your prompt, it makes it easy to understand how much the population grew in such small amount of time.
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ReplyDeleteEngland colonized in America in order to gain religious freedom and find more jobs to sustain its population. In 1588, Protestant Elizabeth I had taken the thrown and enforced her religion harshly on all her people, even going as far as taking away land from the Catholic Irish to give to Protestant landlords.The English Catholics burned to be free from their unfair queen, this ambition would lead Lord Baltimore to found Maryland, a haven for Catholics. The jobless English would find go on to find their solutions in other parts of the America's, growing tobacco and purchasing slaves as workers. Then, after the English realized they could make create more profit, they began killing off all the Natives who they found utterly useless. Their goal was no longer just to sustain their population, but to grow, get bigger, get stronger, get wealthy.
Prompt 2:
Slave labor and one-crop economies were extremely important to the Southern Colonies, however, they may have done much more bad than good. The colonies' economies did great with the crops, tobacco had been very popular and created a lot of profit, for short periods of time that is. The plant took high amounts of nutrients out of the ground which led the English to look for more land. Pretty soon, England had turned so much of the lands into farms that there wasn't much room for anything more. Churches and schools became increasingly more expensive and hard to build, and even the growth of cities was slowed down. Slave labor likewise had a dramatic effect. One of the main crops the English grew was sugar, and because sugar was known to grow in Africa, the English increasingly began buying more African slaves. This led to a high increase of African people in lands where normally they wouldn't be found in abundance.
Prompt 1:
ReplyDeleteThere many different motives for England's colonies. Maryland for example was colonized as a safe haven for the Catholic minority in England avoiding religious persecution. Settlers also came for the hope in financial prosperity. Another motive for colonizing was to give jobs to the overpopulated England and to bring a good economy to England as well. With time settlements took different paths; northern settlements took on religious qualities while the southern colonies were economically based.
Prompt 2:
Southern colonies were exactly what what England wanted; profitable communities that would help raise the economy in England. Tobacco became a huge consumer product and was easy to grow so it helped many English settlers gain wealth fast. However the tobacco plants ruined soil and left farmers to find new lands to sell their product. The income farmers received was more than an enough and provided good sustainability. Since plantations need a large workforce the English brought in slaves. Slaves allowed the farmers to be in easy reach of money since the work was done by slaves. Investment in slaves was an economic opportunity for both cotton and tobacco plantation owners.
Do you think that the English's motives for colonizing the Americas had anything to do with competition against Spain? After the 1588 battle between Phillip II's "Invincible Armada" and the English sea dogs in the English Channel, I think the English were all for outdoing the Spanish in every way. This over-seas empire business was just the next thing on their list. Along with holding their tea cups like a boss and hosting the Olympics better and before Spain...
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ReplyDeleteEngland's initial purpose in colonizing America was to create a solution to their lack of jobs for the abundant population they had. They wanted to create more work and gain territory. At the beginning of their colonization they ran into trouble with the Spanish, who were also in the process of expanding their empire. These tensions between the two nations only grew bigger as Queen Elizabeth I forced Protestantism onto her people. She began to change the motive of colonization from finding jobs and improving the economy to spreading Protestantism. Along with this change in motive, many people started to grow tobacco and get slave labor. They eventually began to wipe out the Natives of America to make way for their growing colonies.
Prompt 2:
The harvesting of tobacco was a huge success for the Southern colonies of England. The crop was very easy to grow and came with a big profit. To plant all this tobacco the English brought in slaves, which were a simple and cheap solution to the need for a large labor force on tobacco farms. All a plantation owner had to do was pay an initial price, then they could use the slaves as long as they needed them without paying any additional prices. But the growing of tobacco had it's cons also. Tobacco ruined the soil it was planted in, and farmers were constantly looking for new land to use as a source of good soil. This made the building of new schools or homes very expensive. Yet nonetheless the harvesting of tobacco created a good income for the plantation owners of the Southern colonies, and was a good example of what England had wanted when they first started to colonize.
Hi anna! I know that England had many reasons for colonizing, for gold, for jobs, and for spreading their religion. You said that the English began to wipe out the Natives to make way for their growing colonies. But, do you think that was really the reason? Couldn't the Natives and English live together and still keep the colony growing. I thought the real reason for killing the Natives was because the colonists thought them inferior and didn't want to live with them near.
DeleteHey Kimberly! I'm sure there was plenty of different reasons why the English felt they had to wipe out the Natives. I agree that another, possibly a greater, reason must have been that they felt they were inferior.
DeleteHey Anna! I really like your response to prompt 2, I like how you mentioned the pros and cons of growing tobacco because they are both really important to take into consideration.
DeleteHey Anna! I thought your responses were very well explained in detail. What I find very different between the colonization of the English and the Spanish was that the Spanish took advantage to use the natives there for work labor while the English imported slaves for work labor.
DeleteEngland ran into conflict with the Spanish after Protestantism became prominent in England. This caused uprisings in Catholic Ireland who called on Catholic Spain for support. After England's defeat of the Spanish, the English wanted to keep showing their dominance over Spain by establishing their own colonies. Basically, the conflict between England and Spain began way before England's colonization, which was actually a result of their conflict instead of the cause of it.
DeletePrompt 1: In the early years of English colonization of America the purposes were freedom of religion, wealth, and surplus population in England; however those purposes changed throughout the years. After King Henry VII broke away from the Roman Catholic church in the 1530's many different religious groups of people left England. The Catholics left fearing persecution from the Protestants, so they journeyed to the Americas for religious freedom. Another religious group that fled England were the Purtians, an extreme group of Calvinists. The Puritans left because they felt that only the "visible saints" like themseleves should be allowed membership in the Church of England, but all sujects were granted membership. America seemed as the perfect solution, and it solved some problems for these religious groups. Many English people were also seeking fortune in the Americas, and others had to make their own due to the law of primogenture. This law stated that only the eldest sons could inherit, so the other sons left to find wealth. England was growing at a rapid pace; filled with high unemployment rates and over-crowding. Conditions like these lead some English to the Americas seeking a new and better life. Most of these settlers, wither they were there for religious or better life purposes, changed their motives. The Catholics became greedy in their colony of Maryland pushing more westward; this was the same for those seeking a better life. Whatever the reason, or change of reason, for English colonization it brought independent ideas and the seeds of this great nation.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2:
The English Southern colonies were shaped and saved by one-crop economies that depended on slave labor. Tobacco and rice were the main exports of Virginia, Maryland, and the Carolina colonies, and both needed slaves. Tobacco contributed greatly to plantation style farming, and also the need of labor. The Carolinas flourished with the growth of rice which was grown in Africa, so the natives were familiar with the delicate crop. The colonists began importing African slaves because of their agricultural skills, physical strength, and immunity. The Carolinas also profited from their relations with the sugar plantations of the West Indies, and developed their slave laws from them. These crops and labor shaped the southern colonies for 2 centuries until slavery was outlawed, but the crops are still grown in the south today.
Hi Cassie! I like how you mentioned in your first prompt that there was more than one group of people that fled the religious persecution in England. I think that's very important because one of those groups, the Separatists (later called Pilgrims), were the people that set sail on the Mayflower and began the history of our nation that we learned as little kids. I agree that one-crop economies and the labor that went with them had immense effects that shaped the south, but I think a great deal of the effects were negative, making our country more dependent on slave labor and other imports. Do you agree?
DeleteCassie! I like that you mentioned how the Puritans felt they were the only "visible saints" and that's why they left for America. Religious persecution was a huge reason for colinization. In the second prompt I like that you mentioned how the slaves from Africa were farmiliar with growing rice. I have never really thought about that factor.
DeletePrompt 1:
ReplyDeleteThe initial purposes of English colonization of America were wealth, religious freedom, and the surplus population in England. Many English people were looking for fortune in the Americas due to policies like enclosure and the law of primogeniture. Workers were losing their jobs and wanted a place to start over. Others were looking for religious freedom and found it when Lord Baltimore created Maryland as a place for persecuted Catholics to find refuge. The colonists grew different crops like tobacco, sugar, and rice to be traded to Europe. The colonists had ideas of independence and were set on a self-rule pathway wen the settlers created the House of Burgesses.
Prompt 2:
One-crop economies and slave labor were very important to the Southern colonies. Tobacco, sugar, and rice were the main crops of Virginia, Maryland, and the Carolinas, but they all required slaves. Tobacco created a greed for land and the plantations created a demand for labor. At first the Indians were going to be used for labor, but disease killed most of them so African slaves were brought in. Thousands of slaves were needed for the sugar plantations and to control them slave codes were set up to define their legal rights. African slaves were hired for the plantations due to their resistance to disease and familiarity with rice. The southern colonies relied on slave labor to create their crops.
Hi Michaela, I like how you stated the beginnings of independence from the House of Burgesses. I also like how you described the reasons for the slaves coming.
DeleteHello Michaela! i liked that in prompt 2 you added that the need for African slaves was so demanding due to the death of the original slave labor of the Natives. I think many people forget that they were used to man the plantations before the Africans, even if they did quickly die off from disease.
DeletePrompt 1: The initial means of the English colonization were gain wealth in the Americas, gain religious freedom, have an adventure, religious freedom, and the surplus population within England. The population of England left a lot of the people to be without job creating a wave of unemployment. These people were the one who went out and began to colonize under the money of joint-stock companies as a means of a job and to have an adventure. Eventually the Virginia Colony began to flourish due to the tobacco plant and those same people who wanted land and money in the colonies because very hard pressed for land and started pushing westward. During this time the House of Burgesses was doing great as one of the first Representative governments on the colonies. Then Lord Baltimore came to the colonies for economic prosperity and to create a refuge for Catholics (due to the Protestant Reformation) and after creating Maryland his colony has the tolerance act giving religious tolerance to all Christians. Eventually many colonies began to sprout in the Americas and though of independence started to grow in the colonist minds.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: Most of the Southern Colonies relied on crops for food for economic prosperity. Tobacco, sugar and rice were most important and prosperous crops during these times. The problem was that it created a One-crop economy and didn't allow the development of cities, schools and churches because farm land was more precious especially in colonies like Virginia because tobacco was the main crop. Also the crop of tobacco although prosperous was detrimental to the land and left many people with the greed for land. All of this labor was done by the slaves in these colonies. At first many black/Native slaves weren't used so the bulk of the beginning work was done by the indentured servants who were white colonist who didn't have any money and came to the colonies to work on the farms. Eventually many blacks slaves were brought in from Africa and some of the Natives also started to be used. The land owners who could afford slaves bought many of them and soon became dependent on them to do the work. Later on slavery became to be looked on as inhumane and mainly in the North it was becoming outlawed and many slaves were escaping to go there and after the Civil War it became outlawed nation wide. Long term this hurt the Southern colonies because they had to find a new way because they no longer could use slaves in their biggest economic source in farming.
Hello Sahil! I like your response to prompt one talking about the joint-stock companies and how people used this not only to have a job but to create an adventure out of it. Another aspect of your response that I enjoyed was the part where you talked about the new world being a refuge for the Catholics. Later on it not only became a refuge for the Catholics but many other Christian religions. Today the United States is still a place that many people escape to for religious purposes to get away from one's own countries religious non-tolerance, with America offering its freedom of religion.
DeleteHi Sahil! I like how in the first prompt you talked about the House of Burgesses as the first form of government. This was a very important turning point because the colonists were beginning to develop thoughts of independence.
DeleteHi Sahil! In your first response, I like how you mentioned how people used joint-stock companies for adventure and to find employment. Finding adventure and jobs were two main purposes in English colonization.
DeletePrompt 1: When the English first began to settle into America it was for the obvious reasons of wealth, glory, and religion. However, during the 16th to 17th century England's population skyrocketed from 3 million to 4 million people. Because of this landlords were enclosing crops forcing many farmers out of work. The Law of Primogeniture was also a cause of settlement because many people could not inherit land thus forcing them to seek land elsewhere. There were many other motives for the English wanting to seek new land such as religious freedom, and adventure. For these adventures joint stock companies provided the money they needed to travel overseas and start a new life. During the Protestant Reformation there were several tensions in England. Many colonists traveled just for the chance to worship in peace. The colonies also provided important crops and Virginia soon became the "child of tobacco." Virginia was bulit on tobaccos income and it soon flourished. Maryland was also another colony bulit on the tobacco industry, both of these colonies were examples of England's wealth of off tobacco. Under Lord Baltimore Maryland sought the Act of Toleration in 1649 providing toleration to all christians and allowing many people to live there peacefully. All of these reasons planted the seeds of new ideas, and a better life.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: Colonies such as Maryland and Virginia became huge powers in the new world because of one crop companies such as tobacco. Adding slave labor to the mix was an important factor to the substanibility of these colonies. Tobacco, rice and sugar were huge and very important causing major income and wealth but also destroying the soil in the south, mostly because of tobacco. The sugar lords extended their domain in the West Indies, because of this hard labor they shipped enormous amounts of slaves.The more farms and one crop economies, the more slaves were being shipped west. The slave labor shaped the southern colonies into an agricultural power for years to come.
Hi Sami! I like your answer for prompt 2. It was simple but got t the point. I also think that slave labor was a big part to the sustainability of the English colonies. Since the plantation owners only had too pay one initial price, it made finding a labor force easy and affordable.
DeleteHi Sami! In your answer for prompt 2, I like that you mentioned the effects of tobacco, rice, and sugar as one-crop companies. They were a major income but also destroyed the soil and land in the south.
DeletePromt 1:
ReplyDeleteEnglish colonization began for many reasons. Some main reasons were to find religious freedom, obtain more land, and to get wealthy. In the 1530s the English Protestant Reformation caused by King Henry VIII, brought conflict between Catholics and Prostestants. When Protestant Queen Elizabeth took hold of the English throne in 1558, Protestantism became dominate in England. Soon Catholics would want to find a safe haven. Around the late 1500s many farmers were unemployed since their land was taken for sheep grazing. A law then came out about eldest sons becoming eligible to inherit landed estates. Younger sons had to find land elsewhere. In the 16th century a joint stock company called the Virginal Company of London was created. This promised gold, thus bringing wealth to England. All of this was ment to be temporary, but they unknowingly planted a seed for a great independent nation. In the future freedom, the creation of a new country, and independence would be desired in North America.
Prompt 2:
The dependency on one-crop economies and slavery impacted the southern sustainability greatly. With one crop economies the desired crop would be become the most depended on which is bad. If the desired crop being grown is no longer desired that creates a huge economic problem because that crop is what brings in the most money. And if that crop is no longer providing the money needed then the economy may crash. With one-crop economies such as tobacco, harm comes to the land. Natives were being kpushed closer and closer together because the land needed to grow tobacco increased. This not only created new Indian tribes but also the unimportance of using the land for schools and churches. Dependancy on slavery would bring change into the black population in North America and would also lead to future struggles for freedom.
I really like the way you used the background history that lead up to the address of prompt number one, and as for both of your responses, I believe they're completely correct. It really seems like you put effort into your posts.
DeletePromt 1:
ReplyDeleteEnglish colonization began for many reasons. Some main reasons were to find religious freedom, obtain more land, and to get wealthy. In the 1530s the English Protestant Reformation caused by King Henry VIII, brought conflict between Catholics and Prostestants. When Protestant Queen Elizabeth took hold of the English throne in 1558, Protestantism became dominate in England. Soon Catholics would want to find a safe haven. Around the late 1500s many farmers were unemployed since their land was taken for sheep grazing. A law then came out about eldest sons becoming eligible to inherit landed estates. Younger sons had to find land elsewhere. In the 16th century a joint stock company called the Virginal Company of London was created. This promised gold, thus bringing wealth to England. All of this was ment to be temporary, but they unknowingly planted a seed for a great independent nation. In the future freedom, the creation of a new country, and independence would be desired in North America.
Prompt 2:
The dependency on one-crop economies and slavery impacted the southern sustainability greatly. With one crop economies the desired crop would be become the most depended on which is bad. If the desired crop being grown is no longer desired that creates a huge economic problem because that crop is what brings in the most money. And if that crop is no longer providing the money needed then the economy may crash. With one-crop economies such as tobacco, harm comes to the land. Natives were being kpushed closer and closer together because the land needed to grow tobacco increased. This not only created new Indian tribes but also the unimportance of using the land for schools and churches. Dependancy on slavery would bring change into the black population in North America and would also lead to future struggles for freedom.
Promt 1:
ReplyDeleteEnglish colonization began for many reasons. Some main reasons were to find religious freedom, obtain more land, and to get wealthy. In the 1530s the English Protestant Reformation caused by King Henry VIII, brought conflict between Catholics and Prostestants. When Protestant Queen Elizabeth took hold of the English throne in 1558, Protestantism became dominate in England. Soon Catholics would want to find a safe haven. Around the late 1500s many farmers were unemployed since their land was taken for sheep grazing. A law then came out about eldest sons becoming eligible to inherit landed estates. Younger sons had to find land elsewhere. In the 16th century a joint stock company called the Virginal Company of London was created. This promised gold, thus bringing wealth to England. All of this was ment to be temporary, but they unknowingly planted a seed for a great independent nation. In the future freedom, the creation of a new country, and independence would be desired in North America.
Prompt 2:
The dependency on one-crop economies and slavery impacted the southern sustainability greatly. With one crop economies the desired crop would be become the most depended on which is bad. If the desired crop being grown is no longer desired that creates a huge economic problem because that crop is what brings in the most money. And if that crop is no longer providing the money needed then the economy may crash. With one-crop economies such as tobacco, harm comes to the land. Natives were being kpushed closer and closer together because the land needed to grow tobacco increased. This not only created new Indian tribes but also the unimportance of using the land for schools and churches. Dependancy on slavery would bring change into the black population in North America and would also lead to future struggles for freedom.
Promt 1:
ReplyDeleteEnglish colonization began for many reasons. Some main reasons were to find religious freedom, obtain more land, and to get wealthy. In the 1530s the English Protestant Reformation caused by King Henry VIII, brought conflict between Catholics and Prostestants. When Protestant Queen Elizabeth took hold of the English throne in 1558, Protestantism became dominate in England. Soon Catholics would want to find a safe haven. Around the late 1500s many farmers were unemployed since their land was taken for sheep grazing. A law then came out about eldest sons becoming eligible to inherit landed estates. Younger sons had to find land elsewhere. In the 16th century a joint stock company called the Virginal Company of London was created. This promised gold, thus bringing wealth to England. All of this was ment to be temporary, but they unknowingly planted a seed for a great independent nation. In the future freedom, the creation of a new country, and independence would be desired in North America.
Prompt 2:
The dependency on one-crop economies and slavery impacted the southern sustainability greatly. With one crop economies the desired crop would be become the most depended on which is bad. If the desired crop being grown is no longer desired that creates a huge economic problem because that crop is what brings in the most money. And if that crop is no longer providing the money needed then the economy may crash. With one-crop economies such as tobacco, harm comes to the land. Natives were being kpushed closer and closer together because the land needed to grow tobacco increased. This not only created new Indian tribes but also the unimportance of using the land for schools and churches. Dependancy on slavery would bring change into the black population in North America and would also lead to future struggles for freedom.
Promt 1:
ReplyDeleteEnglish colonization began for many reasons. Some main reasons were to find religious freedom, obtain more land, and to get wealthy. In the 1530s the English Protestant Reformation caused by King Henry VIII, brought conflict between Catholics and Prostestants. When Protestant Queen Elizabeth took hold of the English throne in 1558, Protestantism became dominate in England. Soon Catholics would want to find a safe haven. Around the late 1500s many farmers were unemployed since their land was taken for sheep grazing. A law then came out about eldest sons becoming eligible to inherit landed estates. Younger sons had to find land elsewhere. In the 16th century a joint stock company called the Virginal Company of London was created. This promised gold, thus bringing wealth to England. All of this was ment to be temporary, but they unknowingly planted a seed for a great independent nation. In the future freedom, the creation of a new country, and independence would be desired in North America.
Prompt 2:
The dependency on one-crop economies and slavery impacted the southern sustainability greatly. With one crop economies the desired crop would be become the most depended on which is bad. If the desired crop being grown is no longer desired that creates a huge economic problem because that crop is what brings in the most money. And if that crop is no longer providing the money needed then the economy may crash. With one-crop economies such as tobacco, harm comes to the land. Natives were being kpushed closer and closer together because the land needed to grow tobacco increased. This not only created new Indian tribes but also the unimportance of using the land for schools and churches. Dependancy on slavery would bring change into the black population in North America and would also lead to future struggles for freedom.
Promt 1:
ReplyDeleteEnglish colonization began for many reasons. Some main reasons were to find religious freedom, obtain more land, and to get wealthy. In the 1530s the English Protestant Reformation caused by King Henry VIII, brought conflict between Catholics and Prostestants. When Protestant Queen Elizabeth took hold of the English throne in 1558, Protestantism became dominate in England. Soon Catholics would want to find a safe haven. Around the late 1500s many farmers were unemployed since their land was taken for sheep grazing. A law then came out about eldest sons becoming eligible to inherit landed estates. Younger sons had to find land elsewhere. In the 16th century a joint stock company called the Virginal Company of London was created. This promised gold, thus bringing wealth to England. All of this was ment to be temporary, but they unknowingly planted a seed for a great independent nation. In the future freedom, the creation of a new country, and independence would be desired in North America.
Prompt 2:
The dependency on one-crop economies and slavery impacted the southern sustainability greatly. With one crop economies the desired crop would be become the most depended on which is bad. If the desired crop being grown is no longer desired that creates a huge economic problem because that crop is what brings in the most money. And if that crop is no longer providing the money needed then the economy may crash. With one-crop economies such as tobacco, harm comes to the land. Natives were being kpushed closer and closer together because the land needed to grow tobacco increased. This not only created new Indian tribes but also the unimportance of using the land for schools and churches. Dependancy on slavery would bring change into the black population in North America and would also lead to future struggles for freedom.
Promt 1:
ReplyDeleteEnglish colonization began for many reasons. Some main reasons were to find religious freedom, obtain more land, and to get wealthy. In the 1530s the English Protestant Reformation caused by King Henry VIII, brought conflict between Catholics and Prostestants. When Protestant Queen Elizabeth took hold of the English throne in 1558, Protestantism became dominate in England. Soon Catholics would want to find a safe haven. Around the late 1500s many farmers were unemployed since their land was taken for sheep grazing. A law then came out about eldest sons becoming eligible to inherit landed estates. Younger sons had to find land elsewhere. In the 16th century a joint stock company called the Virginal Company of London was created. This promised gold, thus bringing wealth to England. All of this was ment to be temporary, but they unknowingly planted a seed for a great independent nation. In the future freedom, the creation of a new country, and independence would be desired in North America.
Prompt 2:
The dependency on one-crop economies and slavery impacted the southern sustainability greatly. With one crop economies the desired crop would be become the most depended on which is bad. If the desired crop being grown is no longer desired that creates a huge economic problem because that crop is what brings in the most money. And if that crop is no longer providing the money needed then the economy may crash. With one-crop economies such as tobacco, harm comes to the land. Natives were being kpushed closer and closer together because the land needed to grow tobacco increased. This not only created new Indian tribes but also the unimportance of using the land for schools and churches. Dependancy on slavery would bring change into the black population in North America and would also lead to future struggles for freedom.
Promt 1:
ReplyDeleteEnglish colonization began for many reasons. Some main reasons were to find religious freedom, obtain more land, and to get wealthy. In the 1530s the English Protestant Reformation caused by King Henry VIII, brought conflict between Catholics and Prostestants. When Protestant Queen Elizabeth took hold of the English throne in 1558, Protestantism became dominate in England. Soon Catholics would want to find a safe haven. Around the late 1500s many farmers were unemployed since their land was taken for sheep grazing. A law then came out about eldest sons becoming eligible to inherit landed estates. Younger sons had to find land elsewhere. In the 16th century a joint stock company called the Virginal Company of London was created. This promised gold, thus bringing wealth to England. All of this was ment to be temporary, but they unknowingly planted a seed for a great independent nation. In the future freedom, the creation of a new country, and independence would be desired in North America.
Prompt 2:
The dependency on one-crop economies and slavery impacted the southern sustainability greatly. With one crop economies the desired crop would be become the most depended on which is bad. If the desired crop being grown is no longer desired that creates a huge economic problem because that crop is what brings in the most money. And if that crop is no longer providing the money needed then the economy may crash. With one-crop economies such as tobacco, harm comes to the land. Natives were being kpushed closer and closer together because the land needed to grow tobacco increased. This not only created new Indian tribes but also the unimportance of using the land for schools and churches. Dependancy on slavery would bring change into the black population in North America and would also lead to future struggles for freedom.
Promt 1:
ReplyDeleteEnglish colonization began for many reasons. Some main reasons were to find religious freedom, obtain more land, and to get wealthy. In the 1530s the English Protestant Reformation caused by King Henry VIII, brought conflict between Catholics and Prostestants. When Protestant Queen Elizabeth took hold of the English throne in 1558, Protestantism became dominate in England. Soon Catholics would want to find a safe haven. Around the late 1500s many farmers were unemployed since their land was taken for sheep grazing. A law then came out about eldest sons becoming eligible to inherit landed estates. Younger sons had to find land elsewhere. In the 16th century a joint stock company called the Virginal Company of London was created. This promised gold, thus bringing wealth to England. All of this was ment to be temporary, but they unknowingly planted a seed for a great independent nation. In the future freedom, the creation of a new country, and independence would be desired in North America.
Prompt 2:
The dependency on one-crop economies and slavery impacted the southern sustainability greatly. With one crop economies the desired crop would be become the most depended on which is bad. If the desired crop being grown is no longer desired that creates a huge economic problem because that crop is what brings in the most money. And if that crop is no longer providing the money needed then the economy may crash. With one-crop economies such as tobacco, harm comes to the land. Natives were being kpushed closer and closer together because the land needed to grow tobacco increased. This not only created new Indian tribes but also the unimportance of using the land for schools and churches. Dependancy on slavery would bring change into the black population in North America and would also lead to future struggles for freedom.
Promt 1:
ReplyDeleteEnglish colonization began for many reasons. Some main reasons were to find religious freedom, obtain more land, and to get wealthy. In the 1530s the English Protestant Reformation caused by King Henry VIII, brought conflict between Catholics and Prostestants. When Protestant Queen Elizabeth took hold of the English throne in 1558, Protestantism became dominate in England. Soon Catholics would want to find a safe haven. Around the late 1500s many farmers were unemployed since their land was taken for sheep grazing. A law then came out about eldest sons becoming eligible to inherit landed estates. Younger sons had to find land elsewhere. In the 16th century a joint stock company called the Virginal Company of London was created. This promised gold, thus bringing wealth to England. All of this was ment to be temporary, but they unknowingly planted a seed for a great independent nation. In the future freedom, the creation of a new country, and independence would be desired in North America.
Prompt 2:
The dependency on one-crop economies and slavery impacted the southern sustainability greatly. With one crop economies the desired crop would be become the most depended on which is bad. If the desired crop being grown is no longer desired that creates a huge economic problem because that crop is what brings in the most money. And if that crop is no longer providing the money needed then the economy may crash. With one-crop economies such as tobacco, harm comes to the land. Natives were being kpushed closer and closer together because the land needed to grow tobacco increased. This not only created new Indian tribes but also the unimportance of using the land for schools and churches. Dependancy on slavery would bring change into the black population in North America and would also lead to future struggles for freedom.
Prompt 1: There were a number of reasons why England wanted to colonize the New World and they ranged from religious refuge to the desire for wealth. When King Henry VIII broke from the Roman Catholic Church in the 1530’s, the Protestant Reformation began, making for many unhappy citizens. When Protestant Elizabeth I became queen, Catholics and other non-Protestants (Puritans and Separatists) faced much persecution, leading to a large migration of people to the New World. An example of this is Catholics taking refuge in Maryland. Queen Elizabeth started seizing land from Catholics and granting it to Protestant nobles which led to an overwhelming number of jobless farmers and a sense of over population. Due to the law of primogeniture, only the eldest sons could inherit their father’s land. This was unfortunate for younger sons like Walter Raleigh and Humphrey Gilbert who went on to try and settle Newfoundland and Roanoke. Their attempts were not as successful as expected. After England beat the Spanish Armada, the country was given a boost of optimism and Spain was finally out of the way. The ambitious Queen Elizabeth motivated her people to explore the New World, looking for adventure, markets, and land. Virginia was soon founded and named after the “virgin queen” Elizabeth. In the early years of settlement, the Europeans faced many hardships including bad relationships with natives, harsh realities of starting over, and effects of their greed over land. For these reasons the colonists were forced to adapt, create governments, and find ways of building up their economies. The down side was that their adaptations had negative effects of their own.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: One-crop economies and the increased dependency on slave labor led to tremendous demographic and cultural transformations as well as numerous positive and negative effects. The plantation colonies in the south depended heavily on the exporting of rice, sugar, and tobacco. One-crop economies allowed farmers to focus solely on their single crop, but it also meant that necessary commodities like food had to be imported. The sustainability was decreased because crops like tobacco sucked the life out of the soil, forcing farmers to seek new land, crops, or tactics. A majority of the time it was land that they wanted more of and to find it they had to go further and further into Native American territory. This intrusion of their soil led to conflicts like the First and Second Anglo-Powhatan Wars, thus creating bad relationships with the natives that did not go away. More land meant more workers, starting off with indentured servants and quickly changing to slave labor. There were some Native American slaves but African slaves soon proved better. Africans were stronger, more skilled, and most importantly, immune to European diseases, whereas the Native Americans were not. The harsh treatment of slaves (justified by the Barbados Slave Code) plus the increasing number of slaves soon gave way to revolts. This growing system is what later turned into the enormous slave trade between Europe, Africa, and the Americas. Though one-crop economies also had negative effects, tobacco is a huge reason why the economies of the south were sustainable.
Chrissy, I really liked how you mentioned the demographic changes that the increased slave labor brought to the colonies. It's a really good thing that you mentioned how African slaves were preferred over the native population, because one would think that the Native Americans would be preferred since they were more accessible and easier to obtain.
DeleteHi Chrissy! I like how in the second prompt you mentioned slave labor. One-crop economies required a high demand of labor and this was when the Africans were first brought over to the New World.
DeletePrompt 1:
ReplyDeleteThe primary reasons for English colonization in America were an escape from religious persecution by the Protestant Queen Elizabeth and for a solution to the overpopulation in England. After the introduction of the laws of primogeniture, only the eldest son in a family could inherit his father's land. As a result of this, they had to migrate to the "New England" colonies in order to acquire their own land. The Virginia Company was founded in order to fund expeditions to America and bring wealth and land to the Queen. As time went on, these settlers became greedy and thirsted for more power and land. With this colonization came the germination of a seed of a great nation full of independence, religious tolerance and democracy.
Prompt 2:
The southern colonies depended on a one-crop economy utilizing tobacco and rice because not only were they prosperous in the southern soil, but they also reeled in a respectable profit. on the other hand, however, they could not grow food and had to get it imported to them. After only a small number of harvests, the soil in which the crops were planted was ruined and plantation owners were forced to relocate or find new ways to farm. This minimized productivity and wasn't very efficient. The plantation owners penetrated deep into Native American land and began to use their soil. This upset the natives and led to long-lasting hatred towards the Europeans. To increase efficiency again, the Natives were enslaved but they died quickly due to diseases that were not recognized by their immune systems. Around this time, the first African slaves were being shipped to America. They quickly became favored over Native Americans due to their superior physical abilities and immunity to disease. The use of slaves allowed the southern economies to thrive and would later lead to the huge circulation of slaves between Africa, Europe and the Americas.
Chris Cummins
DeleteI like how you addressed the want for African Americans for their physical abilities. They were also more desirable than Native Americans because they were so far away from home, escaping wouldn't mean going home for them so they really just accepted their role.
DeletePrompt 1:
ReplyDeleteThe initial motives for English colonization were provided by unemployment and the want for adventure, markets, and mainly religious freedom. After the conlcusion that England had become a burden population and the law of primogeniture stated that only eldest sons could inherit landed estates, people were forced to seek fortune in other ways and places. The peace with Spain gave oppuruntiy for the colonization. The population groth provided the workers while th joint-stock companies provided financial means. One joint-tstock company, the Virginia Company, promised gold. However, it was only meant to last for a few years. People rarely thought about long-term colonization. The settlers soon sought greater independence from the hot resentment of against a meddlesome mother country.
Prompt 2:
The development of one-crop economies and an increased dependency on slave labor were two extremely critical factors that shaped England's colonies in the New World. In 1612, John Rolfe, known as the father of the tobacco inductry, perfected the raising and caring methods of th tobacco weed. The perfection caused a huge tobacco rush over Virginia. Crops were planted al over the streets of Jamestown. Colonoists now had more of a need for land than they did for food. All of this land and crops increased the need for hard and fresh labor. In 1619 the Dutch warship brought over around 20 Africans that were sold into slavery. This transaction came to begin the North American slave system. Soon about 14% of the colony's population were blacks. most of which were enslaved.
Hi Anna! I liked how in your response to prompt 2, you described how each event at that time had an effect, causing something else to happen. For example, how it started with Rolfe prefecting the knowledge of tobacco and then came the tobacco rush and so forth. I think that describing the sequence of events helps to recognize how slavery came about and had an impact on the Southern colonies.
DeleteHi Anna I really liked how in prompt 2 you discussed the effect of the tobacco crop on the rest of the Southern colonies. The crops really became a huge part of the Southern economy and they soon became dependent on farming to keep their economy going. Then the slaves started to be brought in and they became dependent on them to do the plantation work for them.
DeleteHi Anna! I like how you talked about the colonies of Anerica only being temporary, and for wealth. I think the colonies flourished after many people fled persecution from their mother country. Would you agree? Tobacco was not the only cash crop of the Americas though; rice was the main contributer to the Carolina economy and slave population.
DeleteAnna, I liked how you mentioned that long-term colonization wasn't really planned or thought about. All the colonies were only supposed to last a few years, yet here we are, centuries later, in a whole country started by those 13 colonies. It's kind of mind blowing.
DeletePrompt 1:
ReplyDeleteColonization in the New World was seen as a great way to resolve issues that had formed in England. There are multiple reasons behind the colonies in the New World that the English had established. Many are the advantages economically and England's hunger for power. England began the exploration of the New World in hopes of expanding. They soon found the New World as a great business opportunity where they could sell finished goods, and gain raw materials and resources. Also, England had an excess amount of people. When the Protestant Reformation took place, it sent many Catholics to the New World. The Catholics could now worship freely. This helped spread religion and other customs of England throughout the New World. The exploration over to the New World allowed England to produce crops such as Tobacco. They then traded the tobacco and other crops such as sugar and rice.
Prompt 2:
One-crop economies and slavery are very much related with how they shaped England's colonies. Southern colonies relied on export crops such as rice and tobacco, because they were fairly easy to grow. However, tobacco ruins the soil it is grown in and it creates infertile land. They moved westward in hope of better land, but in the process they ruined the Native's land. In order to maintain these crops, plantation owners began to purchase slaves. Native Americans were used as slaves first, but Africans were found to be more fit for the job. Slavery later becomes a huge industry and a source of cheap labor.
Hi Haley! I really like how you mentioned the economic motives of the English colonists. Despite all the different reasons people migrated to the New World, they all had to take a business viewpoint once they got there in order to survive and thrive. I also think it's very important to know that growing tobacco ruined the soil because that factor had a wide range of effects, such as the expansion westward and conflicts with natives like the First and Second Anglo-Powhatan Wars.
DeleteHi Haley! I liked how you stated in prompt 1 about the catholics coming into the new world as a safe area to worship. I felt like this was very important because it helped to spread religion and diversity into the new world. I also liked how you related one crop ecomomies and slavery together because they were very much related during this time period. I also agree that tobacco did ruin the soil causing problems with the natives who lived on the land.
DeletePrompt 1: England’s initial goal for settling in the colonies was to find gold, expand to the New World, and create a route to the Indies. In addition to this, people looked to go to the colonies to find employment, gain wealth, and to be able to worship freely. In England the unemployment rates were high so many people immigrated to the colonies because it was easy to find a job in agriculture. The crops grown led to fast wealth, especially the tobacco grown in the Virginia and Maryland colonies. The most important factor in the early years of settlement was the colonies’ promise of religious freedom. After King Henry VII’s split from the Catholic Church, Lord Baltimore created Maryland as a place free from religious persecution.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: England’s Southern colonies were limited by their one-crop economies and need for slave labor. The Southern colonies greatly profited from tobacco, sugar and rice crops. Although they were easy to grow, they limited the surrounding economy and led to dependence on slaves. The tobacco plants took all the nutrients from the soil which forced plantation owners to constantly seek more land. This made it difficult to build stores, schools and houses. Plantation owners got their labor from slaves. African slaves were cheap to buy, plus they were strong and immune to diseases that Native Americans weren’t immune to. The need for slaves to produce their livelihood negatively affected the colonists because slavery became illegal, and they were forced to find a new way to harvest their crops.
Hello Julie! I liked how for prompt 1 you talked a lot about how religious freedom was an important reason why the colonists wanted to come to the New World because even though this happened a while ago I think that religious freedom is still an important ideal people want in America today. Do you think that the colonists still would have come to the New World even if they weren't promised religious freedom when they arrived?
DeleteWell, I'm sure there still would have been colonists from England, just not as many. There were also a lot of people who emmigrated to escape indentured servitude, and of course the wealth seekers who needed fields for tobacco and rice.
DeleteHey Julie! I like in your first prompt how you talked more about the motive of religious freedom than of unemployment and a seek for riches. People went there not only for employment but for that sense of freedom. I also like how in the second prompt you listed some of the affects of the tobacco plants.
DeletePrompt 1: England's initial motives for colonization included the search for employment, desire for adventure, and the opportunity to have religious freedom. With the overwhelming population growth in England and as a result, unemployment, people began seeking wealth in America. Religious conflict after King Henry broke from the Roman Catholic Church drove many to migrate to the New World. Laws of primogeniture allowed only the eldest sounds to inherit land, forcing younger sons to find wealth abroad. But as the early years of settlement proved to be unsuccessful and difficult for the settlers, their motives changed. After facing the harsh reality that creating this new life in the colonies would not be easy, the English settlers were introduced to John Smith and John Rolfe who would change the way that they were living. The production of tobacco, and eventually other goods such as rice and sugar, resulted in a successful market. The colonists' after barely surviving the early years of settlement, would be in search of wealth, in whatever form they could find.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: The development of one-crop economies and the dependency of slave labor proved to have major impact on the Southern colonies. Tobacco, sugar, and rice were the most important crops for these Southern colonies, providing them with enough income to live sufficiently. After perfecting the methods of creating tobacco, this plant became a main source of profit and many colonists began to expand their land in order to plant tobacco. This tobacco rush lead to the necessity of labor and the solution came in 1619 when a Dutch warship arrived with Africans for sale. As slave labor in America grew, it eventually opened a connection with Africa. While England was colonizing parts of the West Indies, sugar plantations were receiving excessive amounts of slaves in order to keep the plantations running.
Hi Lindsay! I thought it was interesting how you showed the connection between the population growth in England and the migration to America to seek employment. Why do you think that people would rather risk hardships in America rather than take their chances and try find a job in their home country?
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ReplyDeleteThere were four main reasons for England's american colonies. First, the English economy was not doing very well and the unemployment rate was considerably large because they became a “surplus” population. They also wanted more freedom to buy land, being that only the eldest son of the family inherited estate. In America anyone could buy land and there were jobs for everyone that was willing to work. Second was the religious freedom that the English could not get back at home. After the English Protestant Reformation led by King Henry VIII around the 1530’s there was major conflict between the Catholics, non-protestants and protestants. In 1558 when Queen Elizabeth took over, England became protestant. Every non-protestant citizen was persecuted. The Catholics and other non-protestants wanted a place to be able to practice their beliefs and spread them too in a safe haven. Third was because of King James. He sent a charter to the Virginia Co. of London for settlements, he wanted gold. Fourth, which is last, is also because of King James, he wanted a new way to the Indies. These purposes were altered in the early years of settlement by agriculture and slave trade. With the help of Rolfe’s tobacco industry in Virginia, England made a huge profit. The amount of slaves gradually increased as the years went on and being that they were “cheap labor” logical sense to use them and keep all the money left over. In turn, the English wanted more land and power. The religious freedom was also very appealing to the new settlers which is why so many decided to stay.
Prompt 2:
The development of one-crop economies such as tobacco made profits quickly, for a short period of time. The growing process of tobacco was very fast but it made the soil infertile. The Southern colonies had to find new ways to make a profit such as find more land and even new crops to grow. This led them to impose on the Indian tribes. The Natives ended up becoming part of the slave trade system which made a large ongoing conflict between the settlers and natives. After slave trade begins, it becomes popular which leads to it being one of the biggest industries between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.
Hey Cecilia! I like how you explained in detail the four main reasons why the English began to colonize. It was very well said and I agree with your explanations.
DeleteHi. I like how your second Prompt was to the point and showed many points. I agree with it and I like how you explained well!
DeletePrompt 1: England's initial reasons for colonization were religious freedom, wealth, and their surplus population. Religion became a major issue in england when Henry VIII broke from the Catholic church and began the Protestant Reformation. Catholisism was no longer the dominent religion and Catholics needed a place where they could not only practice their religion freely but also get married legally, so Lord Baltimore set out to find a "Catholic Haven". After the Laws of primogeniture were adopted and younger sons could no longer inherit land, many men such as Gilbert, Raleigh, and Drake were forced to find their wealth somewhere else and the only place they could go was the New World. The last initial reason for colonization was the surplus population that was 'continuing' to grow in England. This growth caused a mass amount of people to lose their jobs and so people were forced to colonize. Although these were the initial motives, they were not the last. Colonists who had a harder time than expected in the New world began to get greedy, especially when it came to the planting of tobacco. So the lasting reasons for colonization were glory as in owning the most land, and wealth because that's all people wanted.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: Probably the most major impacts on the southern colonies were one-crop economies and the need for slave labor. The only income to really come into these colonies was from crops such as tobacco, rice, and sugar. Tobacco was seen as easy money because anyone could plant it pretty much anywhere but because of the demand for tobacco, the land became bad because the constant planting was destroying it. All three major crops caused a high demand for slave labor because it was growing in mass amounts. Although the colonies originally started with indentured servants, which were white colonists, they later opened a window to Africa and began using Africans as slave labor. Even though it was mainly sugar plantations in the Indies that were using this slave labor, it eventually moved to the colonies where it flourished.
Hi Brianna! I agree with your comment about how the people who had problems in the New World became greedy over tobacco. many of the people that came to the New World were seeking wealth, and they didn't all get what they were hoping, causing tobacco to be an easy crop to try and cultivate to make a large amount of money from the ever increasing demand.
DeleteBrianna what do you think about religious descrimination? How do you think that it could have been prevented in England and the first colonies?
DeletePrompt 1: After England had defeated the Spanish Armada, colonizing in America was the natural thing to do. If Spain had been able to achieve such a feat, and England had defeated them (which shows England was superior), then it should be no problem for England to colonize too! Initially, people such as Sir Walter Raleigh saw this opportunity as an investment strategy and a way to give back to their country. When the first settlements like Roanoke Island and the early Jamestown were unsuccessful, the idea of making the dangerous journey to the New World seemed a lot less appealing unless one was accompanied by a great leader such as John Smith or John Rolfe. Once tobacco was introduced, England focused on getting as much profit as possible from this growing industry, before somebody else tried to do the same. Another reason that people flocked to America was for religious freedom. During the reign of Elizabeth and later James I, the English people were forced into the Protestant church, or under the Anglican church. The Puritans and Separatists took advantage of England's superior naval power to transport themselves to a land where they could practice their own beliefs. This place just happened to be the New World, where they could also take advantage of the growing trade economy there. When Charles I took the throne, an even greater number of people felt obligated to leave England due to Charles' persecution of anyone who did not agree with his church. As more colonies were established, many other religions would find refuge in the New World on the East Coast. Additionally, as more settlers arrived in America, they were forced to join together as a cause against France, who was creating rival colonies in Canada. This union of the colonies allowed them to create a unique culture and government than that of England, and would lead to the conflicts which later created the American Revolution.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: The early success of the tobacco industry along with the seemingly endless supply of slave labor shaped the political and economic relations of the New England colonies over the long term. Quite simply, the introduction of tobacco in Virginia saved the first struggling settlements by providing a stable economy and trade with not only England but with the rest of developing America. Unfortunately, the mass production of this cash crop had disastrous consequences on the environment, forcing settlers to continually search for new and fertile land. As an effect, the relationship between colonists and the native population has been strained for many years due to conflicts over land rights. Since the English came to America after Spain and Portugal, the tobacco industry was roughly based off of the sugar plantations that had been previously established in the Caribbean. Due to the large scale of such an industry, a regular slave trade was absolutely necessary to maintain a profit. Though it created a larger opportunity for employment, it also created a long term conflict regarding civil rights through the Civil War and the Jim Crow laws, for example. In addition, as the Southern colonies became dependent on this one crop economy, they eventually fell behind as the Northern colonies, and eventually the rest of the country, embraced the Industrial Revolution and a more modern, global system.
Hi Emily! I really like how you mentioned that the westward expansion of the southern colonies due to the need for more land put a strain on the relationship between Native Americans and the settlers. It makes a lot of sense, considering that at least some of the Native Americans must have felt that their home was being destroyed by settlers.
DeleteHi Emily. I like how the beginnings of all the reasons were described in your first prompt. I also like how you related the civil war era as well to the economies.
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ReplyDeleteUnemployment, as well as the thirst for adventure, for markets, and for religious freedom were all motives for colonization. In the 1500’s, England’s population was growing. Landlords were enclosing cropland for sheep grazing, forcing many small farmers off the land. Since the economic depression hit the woolen trade, thousands of farmers were unemployed and often ended up as beggars. Because of the laws of primogeniture, younger sons needed to find an opportunity to become wealthy some other way. There was an intense rivalry between the Catholics and Protestant churches since King Henry broke with the catholic church in the 1500’s, so many Christians just wanted to escape religious persecution. When they arrived in Virginia (after the Anglo Powhatan Wars), they began to grow tobacco in Jamestown. Soon the European demand for it was high and a tobacco rush swept over Virginia. Colonists who had once hungered for food now hungered for land to plant more tobacco. In 1634, Maryland was founded by Lord Baltimore as the second plantation colony, and the fourth overall colony. Lord Baltimore wanted it to be a place for persecuted catholics to escape persecution and find peace. Maryland also prospered because of tobacco, and black slavery became popular in the late 1600’s. In the mid 1600’s, England claimed West Indian islands and they grew sugar there. They used Africans for labor. Georgia was intended to be a buffer between English colonies, Spanish colonies, and French colonies. In addition to protecting the northern colonies and producing silk and wine, it was a place for wretched souls imprisoned for debt.
Prompt 2:
The combination of one crop economies and slave labor was essential to create a wealthy economy and keep it wealthy too. Once crop economies included tobacco, sugar cane, and rice. Since the demand for these crops continued to increase, farmers were getting richer and making more money. Slave importing began to grow. These slaves led to increased production, profit, and a decrease in payment to the workers. The farmers used all of this money to purchase more slaves, which continued like a cycle. The slaves were extremely useful and the economic gain increased the number of slaves that were imported into the New World. As a result, society became richer and successful. This would have been impossible without the slaves.
Hi Brandon! I agree with your response to prompt two. Slave labor was felt as a necessity in order to create a wealthy economy. The slave labor benefited the economy by increasing the production of tobacco, sugar cane, and rice. Slave labor also made the production process much easier and faster.
DeleteHey Brnadon. I liked how you described that when farmers earned more money, they would get more slaves and then the new increased labor force would earn them even more money, and then compared it to "a cycle". The African work force was the sole reason for the success of the large one-crop plantations.
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ReplyDeleteEngland colonized America for three main reasons: unemployment, religious freedom, and wealth. During an economic depression in the ate 1500's, England had a surplus population of farmers who were pushed off of their land and wool traders. These jobless people were, of course, looking for a way that they could better their lives. Multiple colonies were created for the soul purpose of religious freedom. Plymouth was founded by Puritans that didn't want to wait for the Church of England to denounce Catholicism. However, Plymouth was extremely intolerant of other religions and therefore, Rhode Island and Pennsylvania were created to be places for true religious freedom. Lastly, the colonists came to America because they were promised that they would be able to make a fortune. The way most people struck it rich in the colonies was with cash crops such as tobacco and sugar cane.
Prompt 2:
One-crop economies and slave labor allowed the southern colonies t survive in the early days of their creation. The crops that were grown on plantations with the cheap slave labor made many farmers rich. This money built the foundation of the southern economy and funded the building of southern cities and infrastructure. However, people would eventually realize that slavery is unethical. For this reason, it is obvious that slave labor was not a long term solution to the labor shortages caused by plantation farming.
Hey Ryan, I agree with both of your responses. I also liked how you mentioned that some colonies were created for religious freedom and included examples, such as Rhode Island and Pennsylvania.
DeleteHey Ryan, I think you were spot on with your response in Prompt 1. I would like add that the Puritans ,and their intolerance, were not confined solely to Plymouth but were spread all throughout New England and the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
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ReplyDeleteOriginally Britain started sending settlers abroad because they were in competition with Spain, and their colonization efforts had paled in comparison. Perhaps the less speculative answer would be; to claim all possible foreign wealth and goods abroad, in order to strengthen their empire and country. And this is indeed what they went after. Jamestown, Virginia c.1607 was a struggling little colony and they were nearly wiped out, save for some “Indian” allies and eventually a powerful military leader. But the moment they were stable, England had them shipping out tobacco by the boatload. Literally. It was viewed so much as their number one priority that they were even, “planting tobacco between graves.” So too was the case with many of the other first colonies. Years later, it was the Carolinas shipping rice, another “exotic food.” These were England’s reason for colonizing, but the settlers themselves had reasons too. Many were Roman Catholics seeking solace from the persecution of King James I’s Protestant reign. Others too came seeking, and still others expecting, land for their own. Then of course there was the object everyone came seeking: monetary gain. Primarily in the form of gold (which was never found in a prospectable quantity). The later years of colonization consisted less of competing with Spain then simply producing goods. Just as there was a large outpouring into tobacco, there too was subsequently a growing number of cotton plantations arising. Then finally, after English coffers had been heavily taxed by wars and the cost of spreading themselves too thin, they began to mandate more taxes on the colonies to try and recoup the losses. At that point we were viewed as a source of income.
Prompt 2:
As the South began to colonize and develop into plantation communities, in order to sustain themselves they of course turned to the most valuable crops they could grow. This was either cotton, tobacco, rice, or some other single crop that, while highly valued in England, did not bring such a good price that they could afford to plant anything else. This led to three major challenges, the depletion of soil, a dependence on the import/export systems in place, and the reliance on slave labor. Because they were forced into planting only the single most valuable crop they could, they had soon depleted the land on which they grew it. This caused them to have to search for new land to grow on, and often put them in confrontation with the natives. In the import/export system by which the bought necessary items and sold their crops, they had no say as to what the price of anything was. This meant they were often vulnerable to fluxuations in the prices of their crops. The third and probably worst dependence that they forced upon themselves was a dependence on slave labor. This didn’t have many short term repercussions, but when the U.S. was further developed, and the northern half that relied on machinery could afford to question the morality of slave labor, the south was in for its ultimate downfall.
Prompt 1: The Americas were explored by the English in hopes of discovering gold and a route to India. Settlers went to the European owned American colonies for a different number of reasons. People came to the colonies because of unemployment. There was an economic depression in the Woolen trade in the 1500s. Another reason was the laws of primogeniture, which states that the first born son would inherit his father's land. This law forced the younger sons to set off and explore the land and seek future. Religious persecution is the main reason the settlers came to the colonies. Other Christain religions and the Catholics were persecuted by Protestant England. Because of the religious tension between Protestant and Catholics the Act of Toleration was passed in 1649. Those in Virginia and Southern Carolina had an aristocratic atmoshere. After moving to Northern Carolina, the Virginian outcasts created their own colony, splitting Carolina in 1712.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: The one-crop economies and slave labor gave the southern colonies long term credibility. The addiction from tobacco's nicotine mad it popular and in high demand. Unlike sugar, the plant was deeply profitable because it was easy to grow and it needed very little processing. Slaves could be purchased if the plantation owner had a surplus in capitol. Slave owners had total control over the laws that made forced work legal and the worker's lives. The high demand for tobacco and the unlimited supply of inexpensive labor made the Southern colonies sustainable.
Prompt 1:
ReplyDeleteIn the beginning, exploration of North America existed to find both gold and a route to the Indies. Though early colonization attempts by men such as Sir Humphrey Gilbert and Sir Walter Raleigh failed, an increase in English national pride with the defeat of the Spanish Armada encouraged colonization. Population growth in England, as well as the displacement of many farmers as the rich claimed land for grazing and laws of primogeniture that only allowed first-born sons to inherit land, prompted many to seek their fortunes in America. Religious freedom was also a reason for colonization, as Catholics and Separatists felt threatened by a Protestant monarchy . For example, Lord Baltimore created Maryland as a haven for Catholics in 1634.
Prompt 2:
The development of one-crop economies was definitive for the Southern colonies; the South would eventually become practically synonymous with crops such as tobacco and, much later, cotton. Though this allowed many to become very wealthy by growing a single crop, it also made planters susceptible to the influx in prices of those crops. Also, because crops such as tobacco depleted the soil of vital nutrients, planters had to push westward for more fertile land, destroying forests and displacing Native Americans. Though originally the labor of indentured servants was used, slave labor would eventually become the most important factor for the cheap maintenance of huge plantations. Free labor allowed for a high profit for planters. Though slavery existed in the South from 1619 to well after the end of the colonial period, it was not sustainable, for eventually slavery would be outlawed.
Hey Sarah. I liked how you included England's national pride in your response to prompt one because as I was other responses, they didn't include that fact. I also liked that you used dates and vocabulary to explain your answers, it was very informational and not based on opinion.
DeletePrompt 1: In the beginning of the New World colonization England did not put forth much of an effort to colonize their, but recent things in England changed that such as the surplus of the population, the recent protestant reformation which forced people to want religious freedom, trying to find gold and silver, and a cheaper and faster route to the Indies. In the early years of settlement they were setback by the unsuccessfulness and difficulties of their first attempts to make a huge profit on the mining of gold and silver, but when tobacco and sugar canes started being grown and looking promising England shifted its priority to that. In the beginning they had bad relations with this Native Americans which started wars, but eventually the English wiped out all the coastal indians in their conquest for more land. After the early years of the reality of starting completely over the colonists emerged in much wealth with their vast crops and land.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: The creation of the cash crops in England's southern colonies and the slave labor force to be able to support all the crops helped greatly in the sustainability of the colonization. Tobacco and rice were reliable crops because they were very easy to grow, but because of the over planting of them they ruined the soil which caused he farmers to constantly have to get more land. In order to maintain this large area of crops the colonists had to purchase slaves to keep the cash crops going. In the beginning the captured Native Americans were used as slaves, but then they started using Africans who were more suitable for the cash crops. The crops brought in much profit for the colonies and the slaves helped the cash crops to keep them going which helped the Colonists thrive in this new world.
Prompt:
ReplyDeleteThe colonies made by the English in the New World began as a place for the unemployed to find work, religious freedom, as well as precious metals and stones. When they first got to New World, their goals were simple and the natives respected them, some even trying to help them. But as time passed, the English realized how much profit they could receive from the land around them and began pushing the natives away. An example of this is of what happened to the Powhatan Indians. They began considering the foreigners as allies but after the English attacked them and burned down their villages, they had no choice but to retaliate. This ended up in a war called the Anglo-Powhatan War. The Powhatan people were over powered by the English's superior technology and forced to leave their home to travel somewhere safer. The purpose of the colonies originally was to create a better place for the poor and outcasts of the civilized England but soon all people were storming to the New World to take land from the natives.
Prompt 2:
One crop economies such as tobacco were extremely profitable, being easy to grow and maintain as well as easy to sell because everyone wanted it. The only downside to this was the need for more land because crops such as tobacco quickly depleted to soil of nutrition and to get more fertile land, the farmers moved west. By doing this they spread their foreign diseases through the New World, driving the natives away as well as destroying the land behind them. The natives were more susceptible to the diseases that the English brought with them then the slaves that were brought over from Africa. Because of this, Europeans began selling slaves on a massive scale to work all the land used to make crops.People would use this type of farming for nearly 300 more years. This technique was easy to use as well as rewarding and over time, these one crop economies would be the driving force of the colonies's economies.
Hi Justin I really liked how in the first prompt you discussed the Anglo-Powhatan war and how the natives in the beginning were supportive and kind to the English. The greed for land and money did eventually cause the English to turn against the natives and fight them for their land.
DeleteHey Justin! I like how in your first response you brought up the example of the Powhatan Indians. It really helps put things into perspective! Like how they were forced out of land from being over powered just like the people of English colonization had been pushed out to seek employment.
DeleteHi Justin. I really enjoyed your second paragraph when you mentioned the negative effects to the tobacco industry. I mainly focused on all the fortune it brought and not really the land or people it destroyed and hurt.
DeleteHey Justin! Your statements on the influence of soil depletion were really well thought out! I also like how pointed out disease as a major factor for slavery. Do you think without slaves the single crop economies could've been successful?
DeletePrompt 1: The main reasons for England's formation of its colonies consist of Religious Freedom, unemployment and wealth. The protestant reformation gave people the desire to have religious freedom in the new world. The pursuit of wealth also fueled the fire for settling the New world and reaching the west indies. In England in that time, small time farmers were being bought out and became unemployed. Once across the sea, the purposes changed. Cash crops such as tobacco and sugar rose to prominence in these new lands. It also had became safe haven for debtors and a tolerate place for Christians.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: The south became dependent on these economic systems. These one crop economies blossomed with wealth. The downside was with the fast depletion of soil from these crops the need for land arose and the moved west. Slaves had a vast population there as well and the south got used to the slaves. these techniques worked so well, they stuck around for almost 300 years. Later in America's history, their dependence on these systems made them fight to keep it the way they have had.
Hey Michael. I like how you mentioned the negative affects of one-crop economies and fact that they quickly depleted the nutrients in the soil and caused the farmers to move further west.
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ReplyDeleteThe original purposes for England to colonize the Americas were because of a high unemployment rate, a surplus population, economic growth, and religious freedom.Do to the surplus population of England, the laws of primogeniture, and the enclosure of many farms, a large amount of England's population was unemployed. to find wealth, many of them (such as Gilbert, Raleigh, and Drake) traveled to the New World as adventurers to find wealth. Also, because of the Protestant Reformation caused by King Henry VIII in the 1530s, much of England's non-protestant community wanted to find a place to practice their religion. as the want for religious tolerance grew, more colonies were founded to fill their needs, such as Charlestown, Maryland, and Rhode Island. England sought to find colonies in the New World in order to please their inhabitants.
Prompt 2:
One-crop colonies depended on the income they created from selling their crops, such as tobacco, rice, and sugar. As the demand for tobacco increased and more difficult to grow crops were introduced, the need for cheap labor caused the importation of large amounts of African slaves into the New World. The influx of slaves and increase in crop productivity because of them caused a stable economy of the southern colonies to depend upon, and allowed for them to stay as colonies much longer than if they did not have a crop to rely upon.
Hey Rachel! I thought your prompts were both very correct and to the point. You were right about the southern colonies having a stable economy with the plantations. Once the owners invested in slaves for work labor on their plantations it led them to have easy access to high income.
DeleteOriginally the English wanted to colonize the Americas as a way to assert dominance over the Spanish, and obviously to expand their empire and its economy. The colonization was fueled by nationalistic pride, but at the same time, many people left England because of ill-feeling towards the crown. When people came to Virginia they were looking for an El Dorado of sorts, but found no gold, or any precious metals. They instead, after few years of hardships, found a precious plant: tobacco. The crop was easily grown, and took little labor. It's high value combined with low costs of labor, helped tobacco farmers make large, quick and easy profits. Other colonists, hoping to escape persecution, fled to America to freely practice religion, but when they arrived they were met with the same discrimnation they faced in England!
ReplyDeleteIt was a good thing for the economies of the colonies when Tobacco was discovered as a cash crop, but it wasn't all too good for the soil. Tobacco can drain the soil of its nutrients realtively fast if it isn't circulated fields, and Tobacco was grown in every squre inch available in the colonies. In the West Indies the same applied with Sugar Cane, although it was less invasive, if a plague were to develop that affected the sugar cane, the entire economy would have been destroyed.
Hey Nick! I like how your responses were straight to the point. They were very well put together and I completely agree with both responses!
DeleteHey Nick! I enjoy how your paragraphs are very interesting and focused. They are interesting and I have no argument with either paragraphs! :)SHORT AND VERY INFORMATIVE
DeletePrompt 1:
ReplyDeleteOne of the several diverse purposes of the colonization of England's American colonies was unemployment. During the 1500's, England bursted with social and economic change and had an immense population growth. Landlords forced farmers into tenancy or even off of the land due to enclosing land for sheep grazing. Things only got worse when thousands more became jobless after economic depression hit the wool trade. All of these factors caused the unemployed to seek oportunity over seas. Another purpose for the colonization of the colonies was wealth. After the Primogeniture Law was introduced, which only permitted the eldest sons of the family to inherit land, the younger sons were forced to seek fortune elsewhere. One last factor was religious freedom. When King Henry VIII broke with the Roman Catholic church in the 1530's, the English Protestant Reformation was launched. Christians fled to the American colonies to escape relious persecution.
Prompt 2:
The development of one-crop economies and an increase dependency on slave labor is what shaped the southern American colonies. The introduction of these cash crops, such as Tobacco, sugar and rice, is was saved the early colonies and allowed them to survive and thrive. Farmers became so wealthy off these crops because they were easy to grow and maintain and they were in such high of a demand. The negative side is that they drained the soil of its nutrients rather quickly which caused them to move more and more west. As the demand of these products grew, so did the amount of labor force necessary to maintain them. Slave trading and importing began to grow. Eventually a set of rules or "code" was established and known as the Barbados Slave Code. This set of codes gave complete control to the owners and allowed them to inflict severe punishment for even minor infractions. This sort of treatment led to controversy and, after a couple centuries, eventually the American Civil War.
Hi Ryan. I agree with both of your responses and I think you showed you knew what you were talking about. I like how you used dates and vocabulary. The use of the vocab helped me remember certain points for my responses!
DeleteHey Ryan, I agree with unemployment being a major influence on colonization in prompt #1. I also liked your answer to prompt #2. It was well thought out and it made sense.
DeleteHi Ryan. Your answer to prompt one was well written and very informational. I liked how you included vocabulary words and their definitions to explain your points in both prompts and how all of your answers are not your own opinions but facts.
DeletePromt#1-
ReplyDeleteSome of the diverse purposes of England's American colonization where those such as charter companies, and the outlooks for religious safe havens. There where multiple charter companies such as The Verginia Company being one of them. Started in 1606 this company founded in London, was given a charter by King James the First for a settlemant in the New World. They intended on just staying a few years for the goods and other "New Worldly" experiences. Not only did they come in contact with new foods and new spices, aswell as an unexplored landscape. they also came in contact with many unknown inhabitants that in time would turn against them with violance. These experiences changed most of the charters in both the good and the bad. Some of them had won battles with the Natives and continued to build there new towns and settlements. While other just parished in the blink of an eye. And some of them had co-existed with the Natives, untill in time itself they turned against there new friends. Just like this charter, many charters where sent to the New World by many of the European Nations. Another great purpose that would help form some of the greatly know religions of today, would be the search for religious safe havens. Without these events, the world may have had a different, more spoken of, and practiced of religion. This time of search in a new safe haven for those that did not wish to be part of the already established religions in the European Nations, brought on new religions. Many people like Roger Williams wanted to go somewhere where there was a place for free religion. Where they could choose or not choose to go to church or even be apart it. He went so far as to break free from the Curch of England and start a new life in Rhode Island. Where he soon established complete freedom of religion, aswell as built what maybe know as the first Baptist Church in the New World.
Prompt#2-
Two very critical factors that shaped the England colonies in the New World would be the development of the one-crop economies aswell as the increased dependency of slave labor. The one-crop economies had a huge long term impact on these English Colonies. They where know for one thing and one thing only,the tabacco plants. These colonies with this type of economey debended on the growth and the distrabution of tabacco in thier home countries all over Europe. The tabacco colonies where a huge thing in the 1600's and would continue to be for many centuries to follow. The tabacco industries would be around till this day. But with the tabacco industries growing, the settelers needed more work to be done around their plantations to keep there industries alive and good flowing. So they looked toward the slaves. With more slaves,came more produce, and with more produce comes more wealth and power. Thus came a higher dependency on the slaves that would become a huge longterm problem between the northern and the southern colonies.
Prompt 1:
ReplyDeleteSome of England's American purposes for colonizations was for jobs, gold, and to have dominance over Spain. No gold was found and many died looking but they started growing tobacco. To grow this poor man's plant, they had to push off old farmers causing many to become beggars and paupers during the depression in the 1500s. Another reason many fled was because of religion and the Primogeniture Law. After the Primogeniture Law was introduced, all other sons than the first born needed to find wealth another way. Once King Henry VIII broke with the Roman Catholic Church, the English Protestant Reformation started causing many Catholics to flee so they would not be killed. They did arrive to tolerance but not with the Catholics, unfortunately.
Prompt 2:
The two critical factors that shaped England's colonies in the New World, such as one-crop economies and increased dependency on slave labor, shaped the Southern colonies for the future. Because of the one-crop economy, the South was known for tobacco. It flourished and Europe was almost depending on it. Because there were so many plants and so much to do, they bought slaves: Indians, first, then a century or two later, Africans. Then, the Southerners started depending on the slaves for the product and there was a spike in how much was produced. This slave dependency will later become a problem with the northern and southern colonies. After 1750, no colony used slaves except for Georgia who was at first completely against using slave labor. The Barbados slave codes allowed the slave's owners complete control and allowed them to inflict severe punishment for even minor infractions. These "codes" had much controversy and eventually led to the American Civil War.
Hey Amanda. I really like how you mentioned the Barbados salve codes because I feel as if those were a major benefactor to the long term sustainability in the south. I also like how you added that the codes let to a great deal of controversy among people.
DeleteDiscussion Prompt 1:
ReplyDeleteThe main purposes of England's American colonies were to spread religious freedom, to decrease the unemployment rate, and to find gold. They did not find any gold, but they started growing tobacco which was a huge profit. The production of tobacco resulted in a plantation system and more job opprotunities, which solved the unemployment problem. Religous freedom was brought in with the Protestant Reformation in the 1530's. Protestantism became the dominant religion in England, causing the Christians to flee to the American colonies.
Discussion Prompt 2:
The development of one-crop economies and the slave labor dependency increase both long-term affected the Southern colonies. The one-crop economies were a crucial factor because they brought in wealth for England's American colonies and provided jobs for those unemployed. The Europeans had an extremely high demand for tobacco. The production of this crop led to the development of other one-crop economies and promoted a huge plantation system, creating a need for fresh labor. This led to the slave system in North America. Tobacco continued to be planted and sold and Americans continued to use the slave system for centuries.
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DeleteHey Ally. I totally agree with you that the main purposes of England's American colonies were to spread religious freedom and to decrease the unemployment rate. However I don't think that gold was as important of factor of going to America as much as expansion was. Why do you believe that a main purpose was to find gold?
DeleteHi Ally! I agree with your responses to both prompts. Tobacco was in high demand, was a huge profit and gave more job opportunities for those unemployed. I also believe that one-crop economies and slavery are very much related in the way that they affected the colonies. They both brought wealth to the colonies.
ReplyDeletePrompt 1: Diverse colonies were established to not only boost economies, but to flee from any religious persecution. Additionally, each colony was formed where they would be most successful. For example, the state of Virginia offered major settlements for products like tobacco. Southern states quickly became known for sending convicted felons and slaves. They had been altered from people dying from "foreign" illness's, when they were really killed from domestic violence.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: A colony like Virginia depended on export crops because they were the easiest to grow in the places where they were located. Due to many geographical issues, each colony was forced to expand their corps, resulting in the loss of native land. Eventually, the slaves revolted against their ridiculous conditions, and everyone had somehow been effected.
Virginia was a great place to grow tobacco, but to say it was established where it was because of this is false. It was established there because the English were aiming to establish a settlement near their former Roanoke colony. Furthermore, the first Jamestown colonists were focused on finding gold and not growing tobacco. That was introduced to Virginia's economy five years after the establishment of Jamestown. Also, natives continued to die from European diseases and domestic violence is defined as abuse that occurs between people living in a single household. Stating that natives died due to domestic violence is false as well.
DeletePrompt 1: There were many objects that the colonists had in mind when leaving England for the Americas with the intent deriving from religious freedom and of the opportunity to create wealth for themselves. The religious freedom the land bore enticed many coming settlers.. During this time, King James I believed that all the peoples should be within the same church of Protestants. This created a division between those peoples within different sects of the church. Those who disagreed were threatened by the king. This threat brought forth the Puritans, those who wanted to stay and "purify", and the Separatists who wanted to break free from the religious oppression. The Puritans bothered and sought to "purify" the Separatists and finally, tired of the constant harassment, they left England searching for a new abode in the New World. Calling themselves the Pilgrims they founded the settlement Plymouth creating some of history's finest tales. Colonies like Virginia were founded for the further improvement and wealth. However, tobacco soon grew to be a much larger factor than expected and soon became the cash crop in the colonies. Other colonies began to depend on it also and the need for a labor force grew. Thus, the colonies' purpose began to branch out into slavery and the slave trade. The land began to deplete as they grew more and more so the colonists tried to expand westward creating problems and we sought to fulfill this "purpose" of growing and selling tobacco. As they expanded, so did this future country and the American colonies began to grow.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: Many, if not all, of the Southern Colonies had a severe dependence upon the crops in the New World. As these plantations began to flourish, mainly tobacco plantations, led to the need for a heavy labor force. The work started off with indentured servants, people who were signed up for 5 to 7 years of labor for their safe passage into the New World. However, they soon began to leave the plantations after finishing their work as it was hard. The need for more help began to grow steadily and soon branched into the usage of slave labor. At first the indentured servants were used more than the slaves, but the slaves soon outnumbered the servants. Also the tobacco plantations ate at the land and as greed took more and more land in, the need for it grew larger. They began to expand creating rifts and differences with the Indians. This would lead to the need for even more land and future problems arising in the Southern Colonies deriving from the one-crop economy created by tobacco and its industries.
1:Main purposes of England's American colonies pertained to providing religious freedom,employment, and national prosperity. Virginia was originally established in order to show their newly found strength over Spain after the rise of Protestantism. This resulted in England defeating Spain in the Irish Campaigns and in the "Invincible Armada" in 1588. With new found patriotism , the English felt they had to continue to outshine Spain by establishing American colonies. So, King James I granted a charter to the Virginia Company to establish a permanent American settlement. Among the first to settle in America were sons driven by the law of primogeniture, farmers and Puritans who were unemployed due to enclosure, and persecuted Catholics. They mainly focused on finding gold which was unsuccessful. However, after innovations of John Rolfe in 1612, their focus was tobacco cultivation. This became the basis of Virginia's economy. Virginia's farming labor was provided by indentured servants at first which gradually converted to African slaves. The Virginia Company originally wanted the colony to quickly become rich off of gold for the benefit shareholders, but became a long-term, wealthy colony because of tobacco. Expanding England's power played a key role in Carolina's establishment during England's restoration period. Here, aristocrats were given large amounts of land and civil rights like those in England and Virginia. Tobacco was supposed to be a cash crop here also, but rice had better success. Carolina maintained contact with England's Caribbean colonies, so importing and exporting became a large part of its economy. North Carolina eventually split off which resulted in a state for poor colonists looking for success. It evolved from a state of small farms to one of plantations with slaves. In Maryland, Catholics found a haven after the Maryland Act of Toleration was passed which protected them and Protestants but persecuted non-Christians. Georgia, the last colony to be founded, was established to serve as a buffer between Spanish Florida and South Carolina. Philanthropists, like James Oglethorpe took advantage of this by making it a place for debtors to live in order to be pardoned for their debt and for it to not have slaves. Georgia warded off Spanish attacks well and incorporated slaves later on. Essentially, the original thirteen colonies were created for the benefit of England for various reasons, and they evolved for their own needs and interests of the colonists.
ReplyDelete2:One-crop economies and dependency on slavery initially stabilized the economies of the southern colonies. An example of this is how Virginia's economy boomed after the innovations of John Rolfe with tobacco cultivation in 1612. It was very easy to grow and England's high demand for it made it very profitable to grow. As a result, the plantation system was created which brought slaves to the colonies, mainly African slaves. Because tobacco depleted the soil, colonists seized land from the natives which became occupied with more plantations and slaves. The very cheap labor and very high demand for tobacco, rice, and sugar cane made this method very profitable for Southern plantation owners. Ergo, the economy of the southern colonies was sustained for the long-term due to plantations and the crops that were produced and the slaves who grew them. Another example is that of Carolina. Unsuccessful sugar cane growers of Barbados moved to Carolina where they found agricultural success with the use of African slaves. Carolina maintained close contact with England's Caribbean colonies which further stabilized its economy. In both instances, the high demand for the cash crops and the cheap slave labor made producing tobacco, rice, and sugar cane very profitable and provided long term economic sustainability for the southern colonies.
Prompt 1: There were many motives for English men and women to leave England and start a new life in the New World. The three major reasons were for wealth, religious freedom, and to obtain more land. In the 1530s the English Protestant Reformation was caused by King Henry VIII, which then led to major conflict between Catholics and Protestants. It was only when the Protestant Queen Elizabeth took hold of the English throne in 1558, Protestantism became dominate in England. Catholics were outnumbered and sought out to find a safe place to practice being Catholic without being prosecuted by Protestants. With help from Lord Baltimore Catholics were given refuge for a safe place to express their religion. Because of the new Laws of primogeniture many adventures such as Walter Raleigh and Humphrey Gilbert to find and conquer new lands to live and thrive off of. The thought of obtaining more land went hand in hand with obtaining more power. Many of the city folk in England wished to have more strength and power in their homes, resulting in a move to the New World to do so.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: -The one crop economies along with slave labor gave the southern colonies long term sustainability. Tobacco was known as the poor man's crop. It was cheap and could be planted anywhere possible. It also required very little processing. With the high growing demands for tobacco from European nations and other colonies in North America tobacco farmers were flourished with wealth. With a great deal of money being earned from the southern tobacco farms, they could now afford to expand and hire help to work on the farms. Slave labor was the preferred type of labor on these tobacco farms. As sales and the demand for tobacco increased the opportunity to purchase more african slaves became greater. An immense number of slaves were purchased that the greatly outnumbered the servants 4:1. The Barbados slave codes allowed the slave's owners complete control over slaves and gave them the freedom to inflict any cruel punishments on these slaves for even the slightest mistakes. With frightened slaves working and a heavy demand for tobacco led to a long term sustainable life style for the Southern colonies.
Prompt 1:
ReplyDeleteThe diverse purposes of England's American colonies were land, wealth, and religion. In England, landlords were taking croplands and using them for sheep grazing. This forced many farmers to search for more land to plant crops on. Then, while this was happening, the laws of primogeniture said that only the eldest son of a family can inherit landed estates. So the ambitous, younger sons and the unemployed farmers pushed Enlgand into colonizing in America. Gold also attracted many of the English citizens to search in America for wealth. There was a small amount of unity between the Catholics and the Protestants in England but both religions wanted to establish a colony that only expressed one religion. These three purposes were altered in the early years of settlement. Once the English were colonizing in America they found Indians that lived there already. The English wanted to have the Indians as slaves and that became there main in colonizing. With all the land for the crops, the farmers need slaves for work and began trading and purchasing Indians.
Prompt 2:
Two critical factors that shaped England's colonies in the New Worlds were the one-crop economies, such as tobacco and sugar, and the increased dependency on slave labor. Tobacco was Virginia's main crop. It was easy to plant and grew quickly. Sugar cane in the Caribbean was a long process and involved much work. These crops made it necessary to have Indians and Africans as slaves. The one-crop economies were fortunate because tobacco and sugar cane created a firm economic foundation for the colonies which made them sustainable for a long time. Also, the slaves made up most of the populations of the colonies and helped the colonies stay sustained by their labor.
Prompt 1: The diverse purposes of the English colonies in America were religious refuge, land, and wealth. Catholics sought refuge in the colonies due to the hatred from the protestants in England. When the sons of wealthy landowners in england no longer inherited there fathers land they traveled to the Americas in order to try and strike it rich in land and money.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: Two important factors that shaped the colonies economy were the tobaco and sugar crops, and slave labor. Planting tobaco destroyed the land that it was on which drove the plantation owners west in search of land. Along with the need for land for more crops a bigger work force was required. At first the main supply of slave labor was the indians that were captured by the english until, the more abundant and better suited african americans were forced to take the job.
Prompt One: England’s colonies in the Americas were to serve a number of purposes to both those of the crown and the actual colonists who left for the new world. One major such influence of purpose for the colonists was to find more religious freedom from the current laws in England which could even be persecuting at times. Another main function of the colonies was that they helped economically, specifically in the domain of overcrowding and creating more jobs. At the time the colonies first founded, England’s cities had begun to experience these problems of overpopulation and subsequent unemployment for the first time, and the colonies would later help immensely to better this problem as people flocked to a new life in the New World. The colonies were also to England a powerful display of their strength as a nation, if they could establish a lasting presence in the Americas then they proved themselves to be a larger world power. In the early years of settlement, it became clear to most that migrated to the America’s that this was to be a different land than that of England, and that here the defining purpose of the colonies was to follow a new life aside from that of the Old World. This realization would later come to influence the rise of independence and be one of the defining factors into the creation of the United States.
ReplyDeletePrompt Two: The economic development of England’s colonies in the New World were defined by the factors of one-crop economies and the greater abundance and reliance on slave labor. These two features of New World colonies both play off eachother, running hand in hand, and when one could not thrive without the other there as well. Thusly, when the Southern colonies came to be a much more concentrated area of slave labor and such crop plantations yielding tobacco or sugar used slaves as their primary employment, they in turn developed a reliance on this system. While the wealth gained from these endeavors was undoubtedly great early on, stabilizing itself as a primary source of wealth to the south, it would later falter following the confrontations over slavery and eventually its abolishment. The magnitude of the effect the system had on the southern colonies is clearly seen when the civil war was triggered primarily for those reasons.
Prompt 1: The original reasons for England's American Colonies were religious, their growing population, and wealth. In England religion became a major issue when Henry VIII broke away from the Catholic church and began the Protestant Reformation. When this began Catholicism was no longer the dominant religion and Catholics felt they needed a place they could freely practice their religion and the New World seemed like the perfect place to do that. The second reason was the fast growing population. This growth was responsible for many to lose jobs and land and were forced to find a new land. The last reason is wealth and greed. Laws of primogeniture were adopted and many sons were no longer able to inherit land and that caused many to find wealth somewhere else and the only place was the New World.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: Two major impacts on the southern colonies were one-crop economies and the need for slave labor. The income that came into these colonies were from one-crop economies such as tobacco, sugar, rice. Tobacco was seen as an easy way to money because it was very easy to plant and grow and just about anyone could grow it just about anywhere. Sugar on the other hand was harder to grow and required more work. All of these crops demanded for slave labor to be able to grow it in mass amounts. This caused the colonies to begin using slaves from Africa.
Prompt 1: The original intention's of the English when they colonized what is today the United States. the two main reasons were religious freedoms and to gain wealth. Thousands of people were unemployed in England during the 1500's because of this many people were forced to move so they could obtain jobs. This also helped England as a world power in land size. Virginia was a tobacco state an amassed a large amount of money because of their plantations. South Carolina's purpose was to grow food for both England and the rest of the colonies. Georgia was built mostly as a defensive colony in case the Spanish tried to overtake the new English colonies. All in all the Colonies were very diverse and provided lots of diversity for the England.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: Slave Labor impacted the sustainability of the colonies in a major way. Slave labor helped the southern colonies to massive profits. When slavery became illegal the land owners were forced to pay for their labor, this caused the profits to decline.Also when slavery was abollished it was difficult to find people to work the land. Another factor was the tobacco's impact on the land. Tobacco virtually ruined the land which also took away from the long term sustainability of growing tobacco. The colonists were forced to develop new ways to grow on the land or forced to find new land on which to grow their tobacco.
Prompt 1: England began moving people into colonies to help lower population in certain areas to increase the growth of the economy.Settlers began arriving in the new world to start new lives for themselves and as time went on more and more settlers began migrating more frequently, this led to new settlements being created. England had fallen into a economic depression but the southern colonies had been very idealistic and produced profitable communities which is just what England had needed while the northern colonies held down the more religious end of the stick.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: The increased dependency on slave labor had impacted the colonies once the Tobacco plant became such a rich crop. John Rolfe had began growing tobacco and perfecting his craft every time. This caused a huge tobacco rush over Virginia and tobacco became one of the most profitable crops of its time. Soon it became planted all over parts of England such as Jamestown to the point where it was in the streets with many other crops as well. The people of these colonies began to realize that land was more of a necessity than food and crops itself so this meant that any new land needed fresh labor and that meant the farmers and landowners had to be very dependent of slave trade resources mostly from the Dutch warship which had brought about 25 African Americans over to be enslaved in 1619.
Prompt 1: The purposes of England's American colonies were diversified through many motives, such as unemployment, the thirst for adventure, the workers that were created by population growth, and the search for religious freedom. The original purposes, however, were altered when long-term colonization proved itself as a necessity in face of the economic depression in England. Once the Europeans set off through America, the earlier attractions of finding gold and a passage through America to the Indies, were long forgetten behind the basic needs of survival.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: One-crop economies and the dependency on slave labor, two factors that shaped England's colonies in the New World, became long-term impacts on the sustainability of the Southern colonies. The tobacco crop became a quick necessity to Europeans outside the colonies and concentrated wealth to the colonies, becoming a firm economic foundation and as the demand grew the price grew until it was a permanent source of income to the colonies. On the other hand, slave labor increased the efficiency of land work and cost the settlers much less, and so as the slaves made their lives easier they became long accustomed to slave trade and eventually enslaved blacks made up fourteen percent of the population.
The main purposes of England's American colonies was the increased amount of unemployment, the dissatisfaction with the Church of England, and the economic opportunity of New World. People were looking for work where ever they could. The Protestant Reformation left people wanted to completely break off from the church. Finally, precious metals such as gold were the main goal of the colonies. This changed when the colonists realized the profitability of tobacco and other crops. The purposes were then changed to certain crops and getting more land.
ReplyDeleteThe two factors of one-crop economies and dependency on slave labor heavily impacted the long-term sustainability of the Southern colonies. The idea of having a plantation was attractive to many businessmen so the population of the Southern colonies increased. It also led to the expansion of the South because of the increased need for farming space. The need for slaves also helped jump start the massive trading triangle that helped the economies of multiple countries. All of this made the new world desirable for people and led to the continual growth of the country.
Prompt 1:
ReplyDeleteWhen settlers came to the New World, they intended alot for their colonies. One purpose of the colony was to make a new life for the inhabitants, colonists, by giving them religious freedom, as the Maryland colony was a "religious haven" for Catholic people. They also needed to have employment and new markets. Over time, the purpose of a colony changed. thanks to the conflict with the Natives, one of the colonists' ideas was to enslave the Indian populace. Also, the tobacco market, and later sugar plantations, became popular, so most of the colonies focused their time on growing and selling "cash crops".
Prompt 2:
One-crop economies and the high dependency on slave labor, had both good and bad impacts on the long-term sustainability of the Southern colonies. Main exports of the colonies were tobacco and rice, they gave the colonists a good profit since the demand was so high for these crops. The, "Plantation Colonies," were solely devoted to exporting their cash crop. The amount of plantations grew. Without the slaves, there would not have been such success within the colonies since the land owners were so lazy. the Europeans couldn't protect themselves when they arrived, making it harder to feed buyers back in England.
All the plantations forced other buildings, such as schools, to be placed wherever there wasn't a plantation
Prompt 1: The two main reasons the English began to colonize America were for religious freedom, and for the financial benefits to gain. Many people who were denied religious freedom in England at the time saw America as a safe place to practice their chosen faith. The other initial reason was because of the unemployment in England at the time. Many English people came to America for all the financial opportunity there was at the time, and it created jobs for many of them. If you look at the altercation of the original purposes I mentioned, you can see they are positive. The original purpose for religious freedom was found, and therefore gained, and the purpose of economic growth was also gained seeing as England became wealthier as time went on.
ReplyDeletePrompt 2: One-crop economies and the use of slave labor had mostly positive effects on the development of the southern colonies. With such a mass amount of cropping, and exporting going on, the southern colonies needed a way to keep up with all the demand, and what better way than free slave labor? All the plantation going on provided the possibility for growth in America, schools, churches, and other necessities were able to make an appearance because of the income plantation brought to America. Even though I agree slavery was a very cruel thing, I can say America wouldn't be what it is today without it.